Physiology

Question 1

What is cardiac output

Answer 1

-the volume of blood ejected by the ventricle per minute

Question 2

What is the formula of CO

Answer 2

-CO=HRxSV

Question 3

What is the formula of mean arterial pressure (MAP)

Answer 3

-MAP=COxTPR
-MAP=DBP + 1/3(PP)

TPR: total peripheral resistance

Question 4

What is the formular of stroke volume

Answer 4

-SV=EDV-ESV

EDV: end diastolic volume (also known as preload or venous return)
ESV: end systolic volume (the volume of blood that remains in the heart after blood ejection)

Question 5

What is the formula of EF

Answer 5

-EF=SV/EDP

Question 6

Effects of EF in HF

Answer 6

-systolic: decrease
-diastolic: normal

Question 7

Factors affecting SV

Answer 7

CAP
-contractility (direct)
-afterload (inverse)
-preload (direct)

Question 8

Frank Starling Law indicates that

Answer 8

The greater the initial muscle fiber length (preload), the greater the force of contraction of the heart within limit

Question 9

Frank Starling Law indicates that

Answer 9

The greater the initial muscle fiber length (preload), the greater the force of contraction of the heart within limit