Valvular Disease Flashcards
The first heart sound is…
Mitral valve closing before the ventricles contract
The second heart sounds is…
Closure of aortic valve before ventricular relaxation
The third heart sounds is…
Blood coming into contact with a dilated vessel
- Non pathological in young people
- Mitral regurg
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
The fourth heart sound is…
Blood pushing against a non compliant ventricle during aortic systole
- Diastolic heart failure
- Post MI fibrosis
- LV Hypertrophy
Name 4 diastolic murmurs
Aortic regurgitation
Mitral Stenosis
Pulmonary regurgitation
Tricuspid Stenosis
Name 4 systolic murmurs
Aortic stenosis
Mitral regurgitation
Pulmonary stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
Name some causes of mitral regurgitation
MI Infective Endocarditis Trauma Mitral valve prolapse Calcification
S+S mitral regurgitation
Exertional dyspnoea Ankle swelling Palpitation Irregularly irregular pulse Apex beat 'thrusting and siplaced' Soft S1
Where is an aortic stenosis loudest
Right sternal border
Signs of aortic stenosis
- Narrow pulse pressure
- Slow rising pulse
- Quiet S1
Causes for tricuspid regurg
Congenital
Infective endocarditis (IVDU)
Sx of mitral valve disease
Marfans
What condition has a pre-systolic ejection murmur and is loudest on inspiration
Tricuspid regurgitation
Is the ejection systolic murmur heard in pulmonary stenosis louder on inspiration or expiration
Inspiration
Causes of aortic regurgitation
Infective endocarditis, dissection of aortic root
Rheumatic fever, aortitis, degeneration
Describe the murmur heard in aortic regurgitation
Early diastolic ‘blowing and high pitched’
