Cardiac Failure

Question 1

C0=

Answer 1

HR x SV

Question 2

Define Preload

Answer 2

The initial stretching of the cardiac myocytes due to ventricular filling

Question 3

Define Afterload

Answer 3

The force or load against which the heart has to contract to eject the blood

Question 4

Where is BNP secreted from and in response to what

Answer 4

The ventricles
In response to distension
Raised in heart failure

Question 5

What is the initial pharmacological treatment for heart failure?

Answer 5

Furosemide
Ace I
Beta Blocker

Question 6

What is the next stage of pharmacological management if initial treatment doesn’t work?

Answer 6

Add an aldosterone antagonist

Or an ARB

Question 7

What do you do if second stage of pharmacological management doesn’t work?

Answer 7

Cardiac resynchronisation
Digoxin
Ivabradine

Question 8

Which drugs involved in the treatment of heart failure improve mortality

Answer 8

Beta Blockers
Ace I
Spironolactone

Question 9

Which drugs involved in the treatment of heart failure only alllievate symptoms

Answer 9

Diuretics

Digoxin

Question 10

What is the physiological impact of diuretics

Answer 10

Reduction in preload

Question 11

What is the physiological impact of Ace I/ CCB// ARB

Answer 11

Reduction in afterloadd