Valvular Disease Flashcards
In what grade of heart murmur do you feel a thrill?
4
What is valve stenosis?
Valves which do not open properly
What is valve regurgitation?
Valves which do not close properly
In aortic stenosis, what pulse is felt?
Low volume pulse – slowly rising
Is there a forceful apex beat in aortic stenosis?
Yes
What type of murmur is aortic stenosis and where does it radiate?
Ejection systolic, radiates to carotids
How can aortic stenosis be treated?
Balloon Dilatation/valve replacement/TAVI (if too high risk for surgery)
Which type of prosthetic heart valve needs warfarin?
Mechanical
What is Myxomatous degeneration (floppy mitral valve syndrome) a cause of?
mitral regurgitation
What happens to the apex beat in mitral regurgition?
displaced
What type of murmur is mitral regurgitation and where does it radiate?
Pansystolic murmur maximal at apex, radiating to axilla
What drugs can be used to treat mitral regurgitation?
Diuretics, ACE Inhibitors, Digoxin, Warfarin
Other than the murmur, what are signs of mitral stenosis?
Malar flush, tapping apex beat
What type of murmur is heard in mitral stenosis?
Mid Diastolic murmur localised to apex
What can type of valve disease can Marfan’s syndrome or acute aortic dissection cause?
Aortic regurgitation
