Validity, Extraneous Variables, Cofounding Variables

Question 1

define internal validity

Answer 1

how accurate the experiment is

if there are extraneous or cofounding variables, validity is lowered

No longer testing effect of the Iv on the DV

Question 2

what are extraneous variables?

Answer 2

‘nuisance variables’

affect the DV
random error - may not affect everyone in the same way

does not ruin data completely

Question 3

example of extraneous variables

Answer 3

temperature of room

moof of participant

Question 4

what are cofounding variables?

Answer 4

direct affect DV
cofound the findings of the study

ruins data completely

Question 5

example of cofounding variable

Answer 5

Higher IQ in one group compared to the other group

Question 6

Define external validity

Answer 6

Population validity - representative of population

ecological validity - accurate to real life

validity over time - accurate to todays society

Question 7

define demand characteristics

Answer 7

type of extraneous variable

participant may guess the aim of the research, may act in a way they think is expected

Question 8

define investigator effects

Answer 8

unwanted influence of researcher

Unconscious behaviour

Question 9

example of investigator effects

Answer 9

green spoon effect

smiling more w 1 condition that the other