Validity

Question 1

face validity

Answer 1

appears to measure what its supposed to measure

Question 2

concurrent validity

Answer 2

• the extent to which a psychological measure relates to an existing similar measure

Question 3

ecological validity

Answer 3

• the extent to which findings from a research study can be generalized to other settings and situations
• form of external validity

Question 4

temporal validity

Answer 4

the extent to which findings form a research study can be generalized to other historical times and eras
- form of external validity

Question 5

improving validity in experiments

Answer 5

• using a control group means the researcher is better able to assess whether changes in the dependent variables were due to the effects of the independent variable
• use standardized procedures to minimise the impact of participants reactivity and investigator effects
  single blind and double blind experiments

Question 6

improving validity in questionnaires

Answer 6

• incorporate a lie scale with in question to assess the constancy of a respondent’s response and to control for the effects of social desirability bias
• all data anonymous

Question 7

improving validity of observations

Answer 7

• observer is undetected so behaviour is natural and authentic due to ecological validity
• behavioural categories are not too brood, overlapping or ambiguous

Question 8

improving validity in qualitative research

Answer 8

• qualitative methods have higher ecological validity than quantitative as it is a less interpretative method of research
• reseach has to demonstrate interpretive validity
• triangulation - use of a number of different sources as evidence