Validity

Question 1

What is internal validity

Answer 1

This refers to how well a study measures what it sets out to measure

Question 2

What happens if extraneous variables are not controlled

Answer 2

can confound the results of the study

Question 3

What are the 5 types of extraneous variables

Answer 3

Situational variables
Individual differences
Researcher effects
Demand characteristics
Social desirability

Question 4

What are situational variables

Answer 4

Any factors within the environment that can affect participants behavior/results
Could be noise, time of day, crowded/isolated places
temperatures

Question 5

What are individual differences

Answer 5

Any differences between participants not accounted for : Age, Gender, Mood, Background

Question 6

What are researcher effects

Answer 6

If the researcher acts differently to different participants or conditions it can influence different behaviours.

Question 7

What are demand characteristics

Answer 7

When the participants figures out the aim so behaves in a way they think the researcher wants to see. Unnatural behaviour

Question 8

What is social desirability

Answer 8

When a participant behaves in a way that makes them seem socially desirable and acceptable but this may not be their truthful behaviour

Question 9

What is external validity

Answer 9

the extent to which the findings of a study can be generalised to factors outside of the research

Question 10

What are the 2 types of external validity

Answer 10

Ecological validity
Population validity

Question 11

What is population validity

Answer 11

Whether the sample involved in the study is replresentative of the wider target population of the study. If it is low there will be difficulties in generalising the results to other individuals

Question 12

What is face validity

Answer 12

This refers to the extent to which something looks as if it will measure what it is supposed to measure. For example if its measuring aggression whether the questions are related to agression

Question 13

What is construct validity

Answer 13

The extent to which a test measures all aspects of behaviour like whether a driving test measures all aspects of driving ability

Question 14

What is criterion validity

Answer 14

Refers to the extent to which the scores on one measure are able to predict the outcome on another related measure

Question 15

What are the 2 types of criterion validity

Answer 15

Concurrent validity
Predictive validity

Question 16

What is concurrent validity

Answer 16

Refers to the extent to which a test correlates well with a measure of the same thing previously validated. You would need to compare the results of your new measure with a previously validated measure

Question 17

What is predictive validity

Answer 17

Refers to the extent that a measure can predict future behaviour or attitude.