Vacuum Blood Collection Flashcards
The vacuum blood collection system consists of
a double-pointed needle
a plastic holder (adapter)
a series of vacuum tubes with various rubber stopper colors.
Multi-Sample Needle
The bevel is the slanted opening at the end of the needle. Needle length (shaft) ranges from 1-1 ½ inches. Threaded hub screws into needle holder The rubber sheath makes it possible to draw several tubes of blood by preventing leakage of blood as tubes are changed.
Bevel
is slanted opening at end of needle-the sharp point.
Needle must be positioned so that the _______ faces up prior to inserting into vein.
Holder
for vacuum blood collection is a plastic sleeve containing a double pointed needle.
Vacuum Collection Tubes
collection tubes are sealed with a partial vacuum inside by rubber stoppers.
The difference in pressure between the inside of the tube and the vein causes blood to fill the tube. (negative pressure inside)
The tubes are available in various sizes for adult and pediatric phlebotomies
Additives
Different blood tests require different types of blood specimens.
anticoagulants prevent clotting/coagulation of the blood.
Some tubes may have an ______to enhance clotting of the blood.
Anticoagulants
are already in the tubes.
The color of the stopper indicates what, if any, anticoagulant the tube contains.
Tubes need to be filled to the correct Volume for the anticoagulant to work.
It is also important to thoroughly mix the blood with the additive by gentle inversion.
Purple Top
USES: Hematology (CBC)
ADDITIVE: EDTA
MODE OF ACTION: binds calcium (Irreversibly)
Minimum fill volume 1.2mL
Light Blue Top
USES: Coagulation tests (PT, PTT, Fibrinogen)
FULL draw required
Minimum Fill Volume:
5mL tube: 4.5mL +/- 0.5mL
3mL tube: 2.7mL +/- 0.3mL
ADDITIVE: Sodium citrate
MODE OF ACTION:
Binds Calcium (Reversible)
Green Top
USES: Chemistries (Ammonia level)
ADDITIVE: Plasma Separating Tube (PST) with Sodium or Lithium heparin
MODE OF ACTION: inactivates thrombin
Plasma is separated with PST gel at the bottom of the tube
Gray Top
USES: Chemistry (Glucose level)
ADDITIVE: Sodium Fluoride
Mode of Action: Prevents glycolysis
Red Top
USES: Chemistries, Immunology and Serology
ADDITIVE: None
Mode of Action: Promote blood clotting. Allows serum separation.
Tiger/Mottle top (SST)
SST = Serum Separator Tube
silicone/gel (serum separating material)
All tests using serum except Blood Bank
Red and black mottled (SST)
Using BD SST Tubes
Purpose of gel is to separate serum from cells permanently
Plasma vs Serum
_________ contains all clotting factors (aka dominos), including Fibrinogen.
The blood has been mixed with anticoagulant and has NOT clotted.
________does NOT contain Fibrinogen.
It is the liquid portion AFTER the blood has clotted
