Vaccines - part 2

Question 1

What are next-generation vaccines?

Answer 1

Nucleic acid-based vaccines

Question 2

What is an example of a next-generation vaccine?

Answer 2

Gardasil

Question 3

How do nucleic acid-bsed vaccines work?

Answer 3

Introduce microbial DNA into a vector, and allow it to express surface antigens.

Question 4

What type of immunity is stimulated by nucleic acid-based vaccines?

Answer 4

Both B and T cell immunity

Question 5

What is a virus-like particle?

Answer 5

VLP looks exactly like a virus but contains no viral DNA - so their is NO RISK OF INFECTION

Question 6

What are the advantages of nucleic-acid based vaccines?

Answer 6

Generate T and B cell long-term immunity
Antigen expressed in natural form
non-pathogenic - cannot cause disease
fast, easy and inexpensive to produce
Does not require refrigeration

Question 7

What are the main challenges with vaccines, regardless of type?

Answer 7

Availability to under-developed countries
Vaccine safety fears/public trust
Vaccine development (Expensive and time consuming)

Question 8

What is thimersol?

Answer 8

Used a a perservative in vaccines to prevent bacterial growth

Question 9

All current vaccines carry a ______ degree of risk. What are they?

Answer 9

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Allergy to vaccine components
Production of cross-reactive Abs or T cells against self antigens