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Immunization 327 > Vaccines COPY > Flashcards

Vaccines COPY Flashcards

1
Q

How is the influenza transmitted?

A

REspiratory droplets primarily

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2
Q

Local reaction symptoms? 3

A

Pain, swelling, redness

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3
Q

When can you give live vaccine? can they be given together?

Can vaccines usually be given at the same time?

If a vaccine series requires > 1 dose what is important to note about the interval?

A

Live vaccines can be given together, if they are not though they must be separated by 4 wks

Yes they can be given at the same time

The interval can be increased without restarting

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4
Q

4 specific special populations that should receive Menactra

A

Travels in mengigitis areas: sub sarahan africa

2 months and older with asplenia, or HIV, sickle cell disease

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5
Q

WHo should get gardasil-9?

Regimens

A

Females 9-26

Recommended age 11-12

Males 9-21: can be given up to age 21 and up to 26 in immunocompromised pts

If started before 15 2 doses

If started at age 15 or older or if immunocompromised 3 doses

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6
Q

Zostavax

A

herpes and chingels

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7
Q

Adacel and Boostrix generic name

A

Tdap

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8
Q

Varivax for chicken pox

A

Varicella virus vaccine

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9
Q

When do children get Prevnar?

A

<5 years

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10
Q

Who and what age should get MenB?

A

>= 10 with high risk

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11
Q

How is shringrix stored?

A

Refrider not freezer

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12
Q

What symptoms can intranasal influenza cause?

A

Mild cold like symptoms

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13
Q

Is a severe allergic reaction a contraindication to receiving that vaccine?

A

Yes

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14
Q

WHo should get Havrix

A

others but chronic liver disease

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15
Q

How many epinephrine autoinjectors should be available at any time? And what is the dosing?

A
  1. 3 adult epipens
  2. 1-3 doses q5-15 minutes
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16
Q

What vaccine is preferred for pts >50

A

Shingrix is preferred

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17
Q

Is pneumovax or prevnar given first?

A

13 comes before 23

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18
Q

How is rotavirus vaccine given?

A

oral

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19
Q

What does the childrens version of tetanus shot have?

What is the age cutoff for it?

A

uppercase D

age 7 or younger

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20
Q

Live vaccine contraindications and precautions

A

Pregnancy: dont attempt to get pregnant until 4 wks after vaccination

Immunocomp:

Precaution: Recent admin of antibody containing blood products

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21
Q

Recommendations for Flu shot?

A
  • Recommended annually
  1. All pts >= 6 month
  2. Age 6 months to 8 years (not previouslly vaccinated)
    1. Give 2 doses 4 wks apart
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22
Q

Tdap wound prophylaxis?

A

If deep dry wound revaccinate with Td when it has been more than 5 years since vaccine

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23
Q

Adverse reactions that require some type of assistance should be reported where?

A

Vaccine Adverse event Reporting System

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24
Q

Dtap-IPV/Hib: pentacel who is this given to?

A

Adults with asplenia

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25
Q

Most vaccines are given IM what 5 are only given SC?

A
  1. MMR
  2. MMRV
  3. Varicella
  4. Zostavax
  5. Yellow fever
26
Q

Tdap in pregnancy?

A
  1. Pregnant or postpartum women should get shot with each pregnancy
  2. Close contact with infants younger than 12 months should be vaccinated if not upto date
27
Q

Havrix

A

Hep A

28
Q

Live vaccines and TB skin tests

A
  • Live vaccines can cause a false negative result
  1. Give the live vaccine on the same day as the skin test
  2. Wait 4 wks after a live vaccine to perform the test
  3. Admin TB test first and then wait 48-72 hours then give vaccine
29
Q

In what situations can vaccine can be given? 8

A
  1. Mild acute illness (slight fever, mild diarrhea)
  2. Current antimicrobial tx (some expections)
  3. Previous local skin rxn (mild/mod)
  4. Allergies: bird feathers, PCN, allergies to products not in the vaccine
  5. Pregnancy except live vaccines, breastfeeding, preterm birth
  6. Recent TB skin test
  7. Immunosuppressed person in household, recent exposure to disease, or convalesence
  8. FH of AE to vaccine
30
Q

What can mild allergic reactions be treated with?

A

Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine

31
Q

Can inactivated vaccines cause the flu?

A

No

32
Q

When can systemmic reactions occur with live vaccines?

A

3-21 days after

33
Q

ProQuad

A

MMRV

34
Q

What are the 8 live vaccines?

COZY IV RM

A
  1. Cholera
  2. Oral Typhoid
  3. Zoster (Zostavax)
  4. Yellow fever
  5. Intranasal Influenza
  6. Varicella
  7. ROtavirus
  8. MMR
35
Q

Who should get Engerix-B?

A

`Children within 24 hours after birth

Adults: healthcare workers, chronic liver disease (including HCV), HIV, DM

36
Q

What type of flu vaccine should not be given to pregnant pts

A

Dont give the live flumist

37
Q

How should proquad be stored?

A

MMRV

Keep in freezer, store diluents in refrudge or room temp

38
Q

If there is no evidence of immunity to zoster what vaccine and how much should be given

A

give Varivax 2 doses

39
Q

What is the book you can look at for recommendations on vaccines?

A

Pink Book

40
Q

How is pneumovax given?

A

IM or IV

41
Q

What can interfere with Vorivax and Zostavax

A

Some antivirals: acyclovir, valacy, famicilovir

42
Q

65 yo patient with no previous pneumonia vaccine what should they get?

A

Prevnar and the Pneumovax 12 months later

43
Q

How should MMR be stored?

A

Store in the refridgerator or freezer

44
Q

What pneumonia interval can be used in specific populations?

A

Immunocompromised pts can reduce interval to 8 wks

Multiple doses of Pneumovax must be separated by 5 years

45
Q

How long should you monitor a pt after giving them a vaccine?

A

15 minutes

46
Q

Rotavirus contrindications and precautions

A
  • Hx of interssusception (part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part of the intestine)
  • Precaution: Chronic gastrointestinal disease
47
Q

Hep B Contraindication?

A

Hypersensitivity to yeast

48
Q

When should oral typhoid vaccine be given?

A

1 wk prior to expected exposure

49
Q

What is the minimum age for pneumovax?

A

must be older than 2

50
Q

Engerix-B, Heplisav-B, Recombivax HB

A

Hep B

51
Q

What should a severe allergic reaction be treated with?

A

Epinephrine

52
Q

All vaccines contraindications and precautions

A
  • Severe allergic reactions to that vaccine
  • Precautions
    • illness: if a child or adult has only a mild illness (like a cold) vaccines should be given. Abx treatment is not a valid contra
    • If pt has moderate to severe illness it is reasonable to delay
53
Q

Gardasil 9

Generic name

A

HPV vaccine

54
Q

What do MMR and varicella containing vaccines need to be separated from?

A

Require separation from antibody containing products (blood transfusion, IVIG)

Vaccines 2 wks before antibody containing

Or antibody then 3 months

55
Q

What are the 2 limitations of live vaccines?

A
  1. Immunocompromised pts cannot halt replication
  2. Circulating antibodies can interfere with vaccine replication
56
Q

MEnactra generic

A

MCV4

57
Q

Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccines contraindications and precautions

A

Contraindications for pertussis containing pruducts: Encephalopathy (coma, decreased conciousness, prolonged seizures) that is not attributable to another cause within 7 days

Precautions: GBS within 6 wks of previous vaccine tDap

58
Q

What are two main contraindications to live vaccines?

A

Pregnancy and Immunocompromised patients

59
Q

What flu shots are only indicated for pts >=65

A

FLuzone high dose

Fluad

60
Q

When is it recommended to for simulatious vaccine + antibody product?

A

Certain disease states, postexposure prophylaxis (Hep A, B, rabies and tetanus)

61
Q

Pts >=65 or immunocompromised pts 6-64 what should they get?

A

Prevnar 12

62
Q

Immunocompromised pts age 2-64

A
  1. Smokers
  2. Alcohol abuse
  3. Liver heart, lung disease
  4. DM
  5. Give 1 dose befor age 65

Give two doses before age 65 if immunocompromised, sickle cell, asplenia, HIV, chronic renal failure, malignancy, transplant, immunosuppressive drugs, including steroids

All pats get 1 if older than 65

Immunization 327 (7 decks)

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