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Immunization 327 > Travellers Medicine > Flashcards

Travellers Medicine Flashcards

1
Q

Howz malaria protection provided?

A

Oral meds

Started PRIOR to travel

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2
Q

Which vaccine is req by Saudi Arabia?

A

Meningococcal vaccine (during Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages)

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3
Q

Which vaccine is req for travel to certain parts of Sub-Saharan Africa and South America?

A

Yellow fever vaccine

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4
Q

Which other region may one consider the Meningococcal vaccine for?

A

Meningitis belt of Africa

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5
Q

How long after meningococcal vaccine is req for dev of protective antibody levels?

A

Aprrox 7-10 days

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6
Q

What are insects that transmit dx called?

A

Vectors (Meningococcal is one of those dx that isn’t transmitted via a vector)

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7
Q

What’s a reservoir?

A

Is any place (such as an animal, insect, soil or plant) in which the dx lives and can multiply

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8
Q

Which dx do mosquitoes carry?

A

Japanese encephalitis

Yellow fever

Dengue

Malaria

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9
Q

What’s the primary method of eliminating malaria (other than vaccines)?

A

Eliminate places where the mosquito lays eggs

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10
Q

Mosquito repellents contain what?

A

20 to 30% DEET

Permethrin

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11
Q

What’s dengue? Vaccine? Sx? Prevention?

A

Transmitted by mosquitoes

No vaccine

Dengue hemorrhagic fever + Dengue shock

Protection from mosquito bites is essential

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12
Q

What causes yellow fever?

A

Caused by a virus found in tropical + subtropical areas in South
America + Africa

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13
Q

What can’t be used in yellow fever infection? Why not?

A

Aspirin, Other NSAIDs

Due to risk of bleeding

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14
Q

CI to yellow fever vaccine?

A

Infants < 6 months

Pts with hypersensitivity to eggs or Gelatin

Thymus disorder/ Myasthenia gravis

Immunosuppresion (cuz its a LIVE vaccine)

Pregnant or less than 4 wks post-partum

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15
Q

Howz malaria transmitted?

A

Infected Anopheles mosquito

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16
Q

Which species of anopheles mosquito causes 65% of malaria cases in India + is becoming more resistant to malaria drugs?

A

P.vivax

17
Q

Which species of anopheles mosquito is the most deadly species and is the subject of concurrently conditions?

A

P.falciparum

18
Q

Factors to consider when choosing prophylactic anti-malarial drug?

A

Resistance

Date of departure

19
Q

Brand name of Mefloquine? Resistance?

A

Larium

There’s a high degree of resistance

20
Q

Main types of Mefloquine (Larium) SE?

A

Neuropsychiatric effects - anxiety, paranoia, depression, hallucinations and psychosis

Neurologic sx - seizures, dizziness, or vertigo, tinnitus and loss of balance (cold be permanent)

21
Q

Brand name of Atovaquone/Proquanil? Howz it used?

A

Malariae

1-2 days before travel

22
Q

Howz chloroquine used?

A

Dosed once weekly

23
Q

What’s Primaquine effective for?

A

P.vivax

24
Q

What’s req prior to Primaquine use?

A

Screening for G6PD deficiency prior to initiating tx with primaquine

25
Q

Howz typhoid fever spread?

A

Through contaminated food or water

Sexual contact, esp with MSM, but rare

26
Q

Where’s risk of contagion highest?

A

Travelers to Southern Asia

Others include:
East and Southeast Asia
Africa
The Caribbean
Central and South America
27
Q

What should still be followed by travelers vaccinated with yellow fever?

A

Follow safe food and water precautions and wash hands freq

28
Q

Which of the oral vaccine for yellow fever? Howz it taken?

A

Vivotif Berna… Consists of 4 capsules, (1 taken every other day)

29
Q

Howz Vivotif Berna (oral yellow fever vaccine) stored? Taken?

A

Refrigerated

Taken with cool liquid (not warm), 1 hr b4 meal

Complete 1 wk before travel

30
Q

What’s the other vaccine for yellow fever? Howz it taken?

A

0.5mL dose guceb IM >= 2 wks before expected exposure

31
Q

What’s the primary prophylactic med for Motion sickness, ?Altitude sickness, Jet lag?

A

Acetazolamide (Diamox Sequels) 125mg twice daily

32
Q

When’s Acetazolamide CI?

A

With sulfa allergy

33
Q

Where can Traveller’s find info about travel insurance etc?

A

Yellow book

Immunization 327 (7 decks)

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