Vaccines Flashcards
Pneumonia vaccines
For adults 65 or older who do not have an immunocompromising condition, cerebrospinal fluid leak, or cochlear implant and want to receive PPSV23 ONLY:
Administer 1 dose of PPSV23.
For adults 65 or older who do not have an immunocompromising condition, cerebrospinal fluid leak, or cochlear implant and want to receive PCV13 AND PPSV23:
You should not administer PCV13 and PPSV23 on the same day. Administer 1 dose of PCV13 first then give 1 dose of PPSV23 at least 1 year later.
CDC also recommends PCV13 for all adults 19 years of age or older with: immunocompromising conditions, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, cochlear implants. These adults should receive a dose of PCV13 first followed by a dose of PPSV23 at least 8 weeks later. Subsequent doses of PPSV23 should follow current pneumococcal recommendations for adults at increased risk for pneumococcal disease. Specifically, CDC recommends a second PPSV23 dose 5 years after the first PPSV23 dose for persons aged 19 through 64 years with immunocompromising conditions. However, with some conditions (i.e., cochlear implants, CSF leaks), CDC does not recommend a second dose of PPSV23 for persons 19 through 64 years of age. Additionally, those who received one or more doses of PPSV23 before age 65 years for any indication should receive one final dose of the vaccine at age 65 years or older once at least 5 years have elapsed since their most recent PPSV23 dose.
Influenza vaccine
Do not give the flu mist (LIVE VACCINE) to pregnant women, kids less than 2yo, or 50yo or older.
Can give to babies 6mnths and older and during pregnancy. Kids 6mnths-8 years require 2 doses each 4 weeks apart during their first season of vaccination to optimize immune response.
Persons with a history of egg allergy who have experienced only hives after exposure to egg should receive flu vaccine. Any licensed and recommended flu vaccine (i.e., any form of IIV or RIV) that is otherwise appropriate for the recipient’s age and health status may be used.
Persons who report having had reactions to egg involving symptoms other than hives, such as angioedema, respiratory distress, lightheadedness, or recurrent emesis; or who required epinephrine or another emergency medical intervention, may similarly receive any licensed and recommended flu vaccine (i.e., any form of IIV or RIV) that is otherwise appropriate for the recipient’s age and health status. The selected vaccine should be administered in an inpatient or outpatient medical setting (including, but not necessarily limited to hospitals, clinics, health departments, and physician offices). Vaccine administration should be supervised by a health care provider who is able to recognize and manage severe allergic conditions.
A previous severe allergic reaction to flu vaccine, regardless of the component suspected of being responsible for the reaction, is a contraindication to future receipt of the vaccine.
Live attenuated virus vaccines
MMR, varicella, intranasal influenza, zoster, rotavirus (oral vaccine only given to young infants).
Do not give to pregnant women, immunosuppressed, or with HIV CD4 T counts less than 200.
Tetanus vaccine
Babies and children younger than 7 years old receive DTaP or DT, while older children and adults receive Tdap and Td.
Give infants and children 5 doses of DTaP. Give one dose at each of these ages: 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 15 through 18 months, and 4 through 6 years. Use DT for infants and children who should not receive acellular pertussis-containing vaccines.
Give adolescents a single dose of Tdap, preferably at 11 to 12 years of age.
Give pregnant women a single dose of Tdap during every pregnancy, preferably during the early part of gestational weeks 27 through 36. CDC only recommends Tdap in the immediate postpartum period for new mothers who did not receive Tdap during their current pregnancy and did not receive a prior dose of Tdap ever (i.e., during adolescence, adulthood, or a previous pregnancy). If a woman did not receive Tdap during her current pregnancy but did receive a prior dose of Tdap, then she should not receive a dose of Tdap postpartum.
Give adults who have never received Tdap a single dose of Tdap. This can be given at any time, regardless of when they last got Td. This should be followed by either a Td or Tdap booster every 10 years. (Note: When feasible, Boostrix® should be used for adults 65 years or older; however, either vaccine product administered to a person 65 years or older is valid. Providers should not miss an opportunity to vaccinate persons aged 65 years or older with Tdap. Therefore, providers may administer the Tdap vaccine they have available.)
Healthcare personnel should receive a dose of Td or Tdap every 10 years.
Zoster and Shingrix vaccine
CDC recommends Shingrix (recombinant zoster vaccine) as preferred over Zostavax® (zoster vaccine live) for the prevention of herpes zoster (shingles) and related complications. CDC recommends two doses of Shingrix separated by 2 to 6 months for immunocompetent adults age 50 years and older.
CDC recommends a single dose of Zostavax® (zoster vaccine live) for people 60 years old or older, whether or not the person reported a prior episode of herpes zoster (shingles). People with chronic medical conditions may be vaccinated unless a contraindication or precaution exists for their condition. Zostavax is a live virus vaccine. It can be administered concurrently with all other live and inactivated vaccines, including those routinely recommended for people 60 years old and older, such as influenza and pneumococcal vaccines.
Herpes zoster vaccine should be given regardless of a history of herpes zoster. Herpes zoster does recur, and there is no biological or epidemiological evidence to indicate that persons are at reduced risk for herpes zoster for any period of time following a prior occurrence of the disease. There are no recognized safety concerns in giving the vaccine to people with prior history of herpes zoster.
