Vaccination

Question 1

Def

Answer 1

Intentional administration of a harmless of less harmful form of a pathogen in order to induce a specific adaptive immune response;

Protects individuals against later exposure to the pathogen due to pdtn of memory cells;

No development of diseases symptoms

Question 2

Provides?

Answer 2

Artificially acquired active immunity;

Immune response is activated artificially;

Introducing antigens into body to initiate pri immune response

Question 3

Describe what happen after vaccination

Answer 3

Introduced specific diseases;

Weakened or killed pathogens;

Characteristic surface antigen of pathogen still retained;
->immunogenic effect;

Recognized by specific B lymphocytes;

Clonal expansion, mitosis;

Either

1. Memory cells;
2. Antibody-secreting plasma cells

Question 4

How vaccination prevents diseases

Answer 4

Memory cells recognized surface antigen of pathogen;

Rapid clinal expansion;

Develop antibody secreting plasma cells;

Px antibodies;

Bind and inactivate virulent pathogen

Question 5

Two types of vaccines

Answer 5

1. Subunit vaccine

2. Whole-agent

Question 6

3 benefits?

Answer 6

1. Complete eradication
2. Protect individuals against diseases;
3. Herd immunity

Question 7

Explain herd immunity

Answer 7

Population is immune to an infectious agent;

Transmission is prevented due to low chance of a susceptible individual contacting an infected individual

Question 8

3 risks?

Answer 8

1. Reversion of virulence to cause disease;
2. Side effect; diff illness;
3. Excessive vaccination reduces effectiveness of the immune system to respond to new infections