Tuberculosis

Question 1

What type of pathogen?

Answer 1

Obligate aerobe;

Microorganism req oxygen for survival and growth

Question 2

Explain the mode of transmission

Answer 2

Person to person;

Aerosol droplets;

Resistance to desiccation;

Viable in environment for a long time;

Question 3

Explain the presence of cord factor

Answer 3

Anti-phagocytic;

Sticky;

Aggregate individual tuberglycolysis

Question 4

Explain the target organ

Answer 4

Pri infection at lungs;

Cause pulmonary TB;

Many bacteria destroyed by immune system;
And
Some survive;

Survived one spread by blood;

To extrapulmonary sites;

Causing extrapulmonary TB

Question 5

What happen inside the lungs?

Answer 5

Alveolar macrophages phagocytose the bacteria;

Phagosomes containing M. tuberculosis;

Cord factor inhibits the fusion of phagosome and lysosomes;

Survive and continue to multiply inside macrophages;

Tubercle develops;

Multinucleated giant cells contain M. bacilli and other cells;

Necrosis occurs at center of tubercle;

Tubercle ruptures;

M. spill into a bronchiole; spread throughout lungs;

Productive cough facilitating aerosol spread of infectious bacteria