Vaccination

Question 1

Give name and example for 4 types of immunity

Answer 1

1. Passive artificial- being injected antibodies
2. Passive natural- through fetus
3. Active artificial- vaccination
4. Active natural- getting infected

Question 2

What’s the difference between passive and active immunity?

Answer 2

Passive is when antibodies are given through an external source whereas, active immunity is when one’s immune system makes antibodies itself.

Question 3

What do vaccines do and why?

Answer 3

Stimulate an immune response against a specific pathogen to produce white blood cells to prevent future infections from the same pathogen.

Question 4

What is herd immunity?

Answer 4

When a large proportion of the population are vaccinated to make it harder for the pathogen to spread.

Question 5

How does herd immunity protect the vulnerable?

Answer 5

When the majority of the population are vaccinated, it becomes unlikely for a susceptible individual to come in contact with an infected person, so protecting them.

Question 6

What are the factors of a successful vaccination program?

Answer 6

1. Economically produce enough vaccines
2. Sufficient amount of population vaccinated
3. Effective production, storage and transportation of the vaccine must be available.
4. Trained staff available
5. Few side effects

Question 7

Why may a vaccine program not be successful?

Answer 7

1. Individuals with defective immune systems may fail to produce the immune response needed after the vaccination.
2. Individuals may catch the disease after vaccination when their immunity is not high enough to prevent it.
3. Antigenic variability
4. Varieties of the same pathogen so can’t produce so many vaccines.