V1 factors/question types, Climb definitions (23-05-18)

Question 1

What is the effect on optimal V₁ and the RLTOM of adding clearway?

Answer 1

RLTOM increases and optimal V₁ decreases.

Due to the TODA/GO line moves to the right

Question 2

What is the effect on optimal V1 and the RLTOM of adding clearway?

Answer 2

Optimal V₁ and RLTOM both increase

due to the ASDA/STOP line moving right.

Question 3

If an aircraft is TODA limited, what must happen to V1 in order to increase RLTOM?

Answer 3

It must increase.

Question 4

If an aircraft is ASDA limited, what must happen to V1 in order to increase RLTOM?

Answer 4

it must decrease.

Question 5

What is the benefit of choosing a balanced V₁ but without RLTOM?

Answer 5

Increases stop margin

Increased obstacle clearance after TO (considered to be biggest benefit

Question 6

On the distance vs V₁ graph, what point represents a balanced runway?

Answer 6

Point A

The intersection between ASD and TOD - OEI

Question 7

In order to think about variable effects of V_R, how must we consider it?

Answer 7

As an aerodynamic speed.

so we consider the flow speed over the wing.

Question 8

In order to work out a variables effect on V_MBE, what must we think about it?

Answer 8

The ease of stopping and heating of the brakes.

Question 9

In order to work out the effect of variables on V₂, what must we consider?

Answer 9

if it is limited by V_S or V_MCA

Unless otherwise stated we consider it as being limited by whatever will move it.

Question 10

What is gradient in terms of climb flight path?

Answer 10

The height change as a percentage of horizontal distance travelled.

Question 11

What is climb flight path angle?

Answer 11

The climb of the aircraft relative to the ground.

Question 12

What is climb angle?

Answer 12

The climb of the aircraft relative to the airmass.

Question 13

When considering the climb, when do we not consider wind regarding angles?

Answer 13

When we are condisidering climb angle (relative to airmass)

Question 14

How else can climb flight path angle be referred?

Answer 14

Wind adjusted climb angle

Question 15

What is CLTOM?

Answer 15

Climb Limited TOM.

The highest TOM based on required climb angle after TO (wind does not affect it)

It is not to do with obstacle clearance.

Question 16

Regarding flaps, what configuration provides the best climb conditions?

Answer 16

A clean wing

Question 17

Why can’t you retract flaps straight after TO?

Answer 17

Due to the possibility of stalling

Question 18

When is a high flap setting required?

Answer 18

With short runways

With very close in obstacles

Question 19

When is a low flap setting allowed?

Answer 19

On long runways

When there aren’t close in obstacles

Question 20

What is the benefit of low flap over high flap setting?

Answer 20

There is less drag so less fuel is used for TO

The climb is better.

Question 21

What is the effect of flap setting TOD?

Answer 21

Initially an increased flap setting decreases TOD

There is an optimum flap setting which provides the shortest TOD

Past this point, increased flap setting increased TOD due to increased drag.

Question 22

What is the TO flap range?

Answer 22

The range of flap settings that only cause a decrease in TOD

The end of this range is the optimum flap setting.