UWORLD Flashcards
Cardiac rhabdomyomas and renal angiomyolipomas associated with
Tuberous sclerosis
Genetic neurocutaneous disease. Almost all pts eventually diagnosed with epilepsy. Most have MR or behavioral probs.
Tuberous sclerosis
Intermittent muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions. Specific for narcolepsy
Cataplexy
Optic gliomas are associated with
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Multiple cafe-au-lait macules and neurofibromas
Neurofibromatosis type 1
Joints (migratory arthritis), carditis, subcutaneous nodules, erythema marginatum, Sydenham chorea
Rhematic fever
Antibiotic for strep throat (group A strep pharyngitis)
Pencillin
Positive strept antigen test or elevated anti streptolysin O titer
Rheumatic fever
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a malignancy of
WBCs
Can have either lymphocytosis or lymphopenia, along with anemia or thrombocytopenia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Diagnosed when arthritis present for >6 wks. Arthritis is not migratory. See systemic symptoms with a rash
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Vasculitis. Can cause transient migratory arthritis and a rash. Rash is purpurin. Arthritis usually LEs
HSP
Coxsackie B and adenovirus can cause
Viral myocarditis with SOB, syncope, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, and hepatomegaly
Cardiomegaly and pulmonary edema with sinus tachycardia.
Viral myocarditis
Gold standard for diagnosis of viral myocarditis
Endomyocardial biopsy
See inflammatory infiltrate of myocardium with myocyte necrosis
Viral myocarditis on biopsy
Can cause myocarditis. Occurs 2-4 wks after untreated or incompletely treated GAS pharyngitis. Arthritis first manifestation
Acute rheumatic fever
Fever for 5 days. Cervical LNs. BL nonexudative conjunctivitis. Rash. Mucosa tis. Swelling/erythema of palms and soles
Kawasaki disease
Able to tie shoelaces
Age 5
Chantal atresia
Congenital nasal malformation
Suspected in newborn with cyanosis aggravated by feeding and relieved by crying. Infants must be able to breathe through mouth
Choanal atresia (congenital nasal malformation)
Failure to pass catheter through nares into oropharynx is suggestive of
Choanal atresia
Inspiratory stridor exacerbated by exertion or distress. Appears within first few weeks of life
Laryngomalacia
Mild obstruction of pulmonary blood flow. Asymptomatic at rest and become cyanotic when stressed
TOF
Systolic ejection murmur of pulmonary stenosis and holosystolic VSD murmur
TOF
Tachypnea immediately after birth unrelated to crying. Nasal flaring, retractions, and expiratory grunting
TTN