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NCLEX > UWORLD > Flashcards

UWORLD Flashcards

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1
Q

Red mans syndrome

A
  • from rapid vanco admin
  • It is characterized by flushing, erythema, and pruritus, typically on the face, neck, and chest.
  • Muscle pain, spasms, dyspnea, and hypotension may also occur
  • slow the infusion
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2
Q

anaphylaxis

A
  • hives, angioedema (lip swelling), wheezing, and respiratory distress are more suggestive of anaphylaxis
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3
Q

cushings traid

A
  • bradycardia, slowed respiration, widened pulse pressure
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4
Q

iron rich foods

A
  • meats
  • green leafy veggies
  • whole grains
  • shellfish
  • eggs, dried fruits, dried beans
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5
Q

Intra dermal injection

A
  • inner forearm
  • 25-27 gauge
  • 1/4-5/8 inch
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6
Q

SQ injection

A
  • abdomen, posterior upper arm, thigh
  • 25-27 gauge
  • 3/8-5/8
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7
Q

IM injection

A
  • deltoid, vastus latteralis, ventrogluteal
  • 18-25 gauge
  • 1-11/2 inch
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8
Q

CN neumonic

A
  • on old olympus towering tops a finn and german viewed some hops (for the name of the nerve)
  • some say mary money but my brother says bad business marry money (for if sensory or motor
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9
Q

CN 1

A
  • olfactory
  • sensory
  • smell test
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10
Q

CN 2 (ii)

A
  • OPTIC
  • sensory
  • visual acuity and visual feids
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11
Q

CN 3 (iii)

A
  • oculomotor
  • motor
  • pupil constriction and extraoccular movements
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12
Q

CN 4 (IV)

A
  • Trochlear
  • motor
  • extra ocular movements- inferior adduction
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13
Q

CN 5 (v)

A
  • trigeminal
  • both
  • clench teeth and light touch
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14
Q

CN 6 (VI)

A
  • abducens
  • motor
  • extra ocular movement’s- lateral abduction
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15
Q

CN 7 (VII)

A
  • FACIAL
  • both
  • facial movements- close eyes smile
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16
Q

CN 8 (VIII)

A
  • acoustic
  • sensory
  • hearing and romberg test
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17
Q

CN 9 (IX)

A
  • glossopharyngeal
  • both
  • gag reflex
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18
Q

CN 10 (x)

A
  • vagus
  • both
  • say ah and uvulr and palpate movement
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19
Q

CN 11 (XI)

A
  • spinal accessory
  • motor
  • turn head and lift shoulders to resistance
20
Q

CN 12 (XII)

A
  • HYPOGLOSSAL
  • motor
  • stick tongue out
21
Q

Isotonic crystalloid solutions

A

-0.9% NaCl, lactated Ringer, 5% dextrose in water (D5W)
-concentration is same as plasma & extracellular fluid
- stays where you put it
- stays in blood stream
- good for intravascular fluid volume replacement

22
Q

Hypotonic crystalloid solutions

A
  • low numbers
  • 0.45% NS (1/2), 0.33% NS (1/3), 0.225 % NS (1/4)
  • 2.5% dextrose & water, 0.45% NaCl
  • Osmolality is less than that of extracellular fluid
  • go out of the vessel and into the cell (swells)
23
Q

Hypertonic solutions

A
  • High numbers
  • ex: dextrose 5% & 0.9% NaCl, 5% dextrose & lactated Ringer) & colloid solutions
    (dextran, albumin)
  • Osmolality is more than that of extracellular fluid
  • fluid go from cell into vessels (cells shrink)
24
Q

sulfa meds side effects

A
  1. Crystalluria causing kidney injury – client should drink 8 glasses of water daily to maintain adequate urine output (eg, 1200-1500 mL/day)
  2. Photosensitivity and risk for sunburn – client should avoid sun exposure and apply sunscreen
  3. Folic acid deficiency (megaloblastic anemia and stomatitis) – client should eat folate-rich foods and take 1 mg/day folic acid supplement
  4. Rarely life-threatening agranulocytosis (leukopenia) – client should be monitored for complete blood count at the start of therapy and report fever or sore throat immediately
  5. Stevens-Johnson syndrome – client should stop the medicine if rash develops
25
Q

pericarditis

A
  • often after viral infection like pneumonia, post MI, lupus
  • sharp chest pain that radiates to upper back
  • colchicine and non steroidal anti inflammatories
  • sit up and lean forward
  • elevated CRP, ESR, leukocytosis
26
Q

Rotovirus

A
  • causes diarrhea (5-7 days- smells foul), fever, vomiting
  • can easily get dehydrated
  • spread fecal- orally
  • ## spread via contact with foods, objects, hands
27
Q

magnesium toxicity

A
  • Mild: nausea, flushing, headache, hyporeflexia
  • Moderate: areflexia, hypocalcemia, somnolence
  • Severe: respiratory paralysis, cardiac arrest
28
Q

tx for mag toxcicity

A
  • stop
  • calcium gluconate
29
Q

signs of ruptured ectopic pregnancy

A
  • unilateral abdominal pain
  • hypotension
  • tachycardia
  • dizziness
  • referred shoulder pain
30
Q

signs of ectopic pregnancy

A
  • lower abdominal and pelvic pain; amenorrhea, possibly followed by vaginal spotting or bleeding; and a palpable adnexal mass on pelvic examination
31
Q

theraputic aptt when on heparin

A
  • 46-70 seconds
  • if too long: stop the heparin infusion, notify HCP, prepare protamine sulfate
32
Q

asthma attack treatment

A
  1. Oxygen to maintain saturation >90%
  2. High-dose inhaled short-acting beta agonist (albuterol or levalbuterol) and anticholinergic agent (ipratropium) nebulizer treatments every 20 minutes
  3. Systemic corticosteroids (Solu-Medrol) to control the underlying inflammation. These will take some time to show an effect.
33
Q

severe pre eclampsia signs

A
  • htn
  • proteinuria
  • severe headache
  • visual disturbances
  • right upper quad or epigastric pain
  • seizure
  • edema
34
Q

compartment syndrome s/s

A
  • 7 P’s
  • parasthesia (early sign)
  • paralysis (late sign)
  • pain
  • pallor
  • pressure
  • pulselessness
  • ## poikilothermy (cool skin)
35
Q

lithium toxicity

A
  • acute: GI (N/V, diarrhea)
  • chronic: ataxia, sluggish, confusion, agitation, tremor
36
Q

how to prevent lithium toxcicty

A
  • avoid sodium being low (low sodium precipitates lithium toxicity)
  • reg diet and lots of fluids
37
Q

MAOI

A
  • tx depression
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (eg, isocarboxazid [Marplan], phenelzine [Nardil], tranylcypromine [Parnate])
  • can increase bp (could lead to htn crisis if taking other meds that increase bp) –> headache is early sign
38
Q

live vaccines

A
  • MMR
  • varicella
  • yellow fever
  • rotavirus
39
Q

PVD

A
  • narrowed veins: heart is not vacuuming blood back to heart (blood cant get to heart)
  • veins carry deoxygenated blood to heart
  • dark veiny legs that are bloated with edema
  • no pain since not an 02 issue
  • pooling issue
  • yellow brown ankles
  • elevate legs
40
Q

PAD

A
  • narrowed arteries which are supposed to push oxygenated blood away from the heart
  • oxygen problem
  • pain in calves when walking or elevating leg
  • intermitent claudication (calve pain during exercise from low 02)
  • absent pulse
  • black crispy feet
  • legs will be hairless, shiny, cool to touch
  • round red sores from lack of perfusion
  • dangle legs
41
Q

normal glucose for people are are not diabetic when sick and not sick

A

-glucose target range for critically ill clients is 140-180
-For non-critically ill clients, <140 mg/dL fasting and <180 mg/dL random blood glucose.

42
Q

function of cerebrum

A

involved in 2 major functions: coordination of voluntary movements and maintenance of balance and posture.

43
Q

placenta previa

A

-abnormal implantation of the placenta resulting in partial or complete covering of the cervical os (opening).
- The condition is diagnosed by ultrasound
- In clients reporting painless vaginal bleeding after 20 weeks gestation, placenta previa should be suspected.

44
Q

intussception

A
  • obstructive gastrointestinal disorder caused when a segment of the bowel slides, or telescopes, into another section.
  • ischemia and leakage of blood and mucus into the lumen of the bowel.
  • Classic clinical manifestations of intussusception include episodes of sudden, crampy abdominal pain; a palpable sausage-shaped abdominal mass; and red, “currant jelly” stools
  • Other manifestations include inconsolable crying with the knees drawn up to the chest and vomiting
45
Q

s/s of DVT

A

unilateral edema, localized pain (eg, calf pain) or tenderness to touch, warmth, and erythema

46
Q

s/s of sepsis

A
  • HR > 90
  • Temp > 101 or < 96.8
  • RR >20 or pa02 < 32
  • > 12,000 or < 4,000 or over 10% bands

NCLEX (15 decks)

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