Psychotropic drugs Flashcards
1
Q
all psych drugs cause what
A
- hypotension and weight gain
2
Q
phenothiazines
A
- all end in “zines’’
- 1st gen/typical antipsychotics
- only reduce symptoms
- small doses can be antiemetics and large doses for psychosis
- majaor tranquillizer
3
Q
side effects (non toxic) of phenothiazines
A
- ABCDEFG
- Anticholinergi (dry mouth))
- Blurred vision
- Constipation
- Drowsiness
- EPS (pill rolling, cogwheel ridgitity, shuffling gait)
- Fotosensitivity
- G aGranulocytosis (low WBC=immunosuppressed)
4
Q
if pt displays a non toxic side effect
A
- teach them to keep taking the drug
- inform the dr
- treat the SE
5
Q
if the pt displays a toxic side effect
A
- hold the drug and call the dr immediately
6
Q
deconate
A
- after the name of a drug = long acting IM form of the drug for a non compliant pt (like if it was court ordered)
7
Q
Tryclic antidepressant
A
- NSSRI
- elavil, tofranil, avatil, desyrel
- mood elevators
- take for 1-2 weeks before you see effects
- can take for the rest of your life
8
Q
non toxic side effects of tricyclic antidepressants
A
- ABCDE
- e is for euphoria (elevated mood)
- no F or G
9
Q
benzodiazepines
A
- minor tranquilizers
- anti anxiety
- have zep in the name and usually end in pam or lam
- DO NOT TAKE LONGER THAN 2-4 WEEKS
10
Q
indications of benzos
A
- pre op to induce anesthesia
- muscle relaxer
- alcohol withdrawal
- seizures
- helps when pt is fighting the ventilator to calm down
11
Q
Side effects of Benzos
A
- ABCD
12
Q
MAOI
A
- begging of the name rhyme: Partite, nardil, marplan (par, nar, mar)
- avoid all foods containing tyramine to prevent hypertensive crisis
- dont take OTC while on these
13
Q
tyramine containing foods
A
- Salad Bar
- Salad
- Bannana
- Avocados
- Raisains (or any dried fruit)
- yogurt/dairy products except for mozerella and cottage cheese
- organ/preserved/hot dogs/lunch meats (smoked, dried, cured, pickled)
- alcohol
- chocolate
14
Q
lithium
A
- for bipolar disorder (the mania part)
- decreases mania but isnt for depression
- doesnt mess with neurotransmitters
15
Q
non toxic SE of lithium
A
- 3 p’s
- peeing
- pooping
- paresthesia
16
Q
Toxic side effects of lithium
A
- tremors
- metallic taste
- severe diarrhea
- hold and call the dr
- intervention: fluids, electrolytes, watch for dehydration, monitor Na
17
Q
why do you need to watch na on lithium
A
- lithium is linked to na
- low sodium= toxic levels of lithium
- high sodium= lithium wont work
18
Q
SSRI
A
- fluoxetine (prozac)
- sertraline
- give before noon and not at bedtime because it can cause insomnia= prozac
- increased suicide risk when changing doeses with young adults
19
Q
SE of SSRI
A
- ABCDE
- E is for euphoria
20
Q
zoloft (sertraline)
A
- can give at bedtime
- lower the dose of other drugs: warfarin needs to be lowered because you can bleed out
- dont give st johns wort= seritonin syndrome
21
Q
signs of seritonin syndrome
A
- SAD HEAD
- sweating
- apprehension/impending sense of doom
- dizziness
- headaches
22
Q
haldol
A
- schizophrenic drug
- typical 1sr gen
- at risk for neuroleptic malignant syndrome
23
Q
SE of haldol
A
- ABCDEFG
24
Q
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
A
- potentially fatal hyperpyrexia (fever)- 105-108
- anxiety and tremors
25
who is at risk for NMS
- young white men
- elderly dudes (they should get half tablet)
26
clozaril/clozapine
- 2nd gen
- used to treat severe schizo
- made to replace the zines and haldol
- does not have the side effects (A-F)
- has severe agranulocytosis (immunosupressed)
- monitor WBC as they can fall very low
27
2nd gen end in
- zapine
28
geodon (ziprasidone)
- black box warning- prolongs QT interval and can cause sudden cardiac arrest
- hypotension
- dont give to people with heart conditions
