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QC2 > UV VIS > Flashcards

UV VIS Flashcards

1
Q

the study of the absorption and emission of light and other radiation by matter

A

SPECTROSCOPY

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2
Q

the measurement of the interactions between light and matter, and the reactions and measurements of radiation intensity and wavelength

A

SPECTROMETRY

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3
Q

the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength

A

SPECTROPHOTOMETRY

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4
Q

this is when particles are moved from their normal room temperature state, or ground state, to one or more higher-energy excited states.

A

ABSORPTION OF RADIATION

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5
Q

normal room temperature state

A

ground state

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6
Q

is produced when excited particles (atoms, ions or molecules) relax to lower energy levels by giving up their excess energy as photons

A

electromagnetic radiation

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7
Q

electromagnetic radiation is produced when excited particles (atoms, ions or molecules) relax to lower energy levels by giving up their excess energy as

A

photons

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8
Q

causes of emission

A

(1) bombardment with electrons or elementary particles, which leads to emission of X-radiation
(2) exposure to an electric current or intense heat source producing UV, visible or IR radiation
(3) irradiation with a beam of electromagnetic radiation
(4) an exothermic chemical reaction that produces chemiluminescence

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9
Q

principle of uv vis

A

irradiation with a beam of electromagnetic radiation

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10
Q

this is when electromagnetic radiation is transmitted at all angles from the original path; usually observed when atomic or molecular particles are small relative to the wavelength of the radiation

A

SCATTERING

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11
Q

a parallel beam of radiation is bent as it passes by a sharp barrier or through a narrow opening

A

DIFFRACTION OF RADIATION

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12
Q

type of energy that is commonly known as light

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

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13
Q

aka white light

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION

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14
Q

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION is propagate in 2 fields known as

A

Electric and Magnetic Field Oscillation

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15
Q

ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION (PROPERTIES) Models

A

sinusoidal wave model
particle model

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16
Q

distance from basic to highest point

A

amplitude

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17
Q

time in sec where 2 minima passes through the same
point

A

period

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18
Q

no. of oscillators in sec

A

frequency

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19
Q
  • distance between 2 successive crest/trough
A

wavelength

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20
Q

reciprocal of wavelength

A

wavenumber

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21
Q
  • electromagnetic radiation transport into a
A

speed of light

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22
Q

wavelength and frequency

A

indirect

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23
Q

wavelength and energy

A

indirect

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24
Q

frequency and energy

A

direct

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25
Q

constant value of speed of light

A

3.00x108 m/s

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26
Q

The energy of a photon absorbed or emitted during a transition from one molecular energy level to another is given by the equation:

A

QUANTUM Theory

27
Q

Study of discrete particles

A

QUANTUM THEORY

28
Q

Planck’s constant

A

6.62x10-34 Js

29
Q

1 electron volt (eV) =

A

1.6 x 10^-19 J

30
Q

1 joule (J) =

A

10^7 ergs

31
Q

an electronic transition spectroscopic technique in which the interaction between incident radiation and electrons results in the promotion of one or more of the outer or the bonding electrons from a ground state into a higher-energy state

A

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy

32
Q

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy is an electronic transition spectroscopic technique in which the interaction between
____________ and __________ results in the promotion of one or more of the outer or the bonding electrons from a ________________ into a ____________

A

incident radiation and electrons; ground state into a higher-energy state

33
Q

Radiation in the wavelength range _____________ nm is passed through a solution of a compound.

A

200–700

34
Q

The electrons in the bonds within the molecule become excited so that they occupy a __________________ and in the process absorb some of the energy passing through the solution.

A

higher quantum state

35
Q

The more loosely held the electrons are the ________ the wavelength

A

longer

36
Q

extended system of double bonds that causes absorption of light at UV-visible region

A

CHROMOPHORES

37
Q

CONTINUUM SOURCE (continuous)

A

tungsten halogen for visible
deuterium arc for UV
xenon arc for both

38
Q

CONTINUUM SOURCE (pulsed)

A

xenon flash lamp

39
Q

used to disperse the light into its constituent wavelengths, which are further selected by the slit

A

MONOCHROMATOR

40
Q

is rotated so that a range of wavelengths is passed through the sample as the instrument scans across the spectrum

A

MONOCHROMATOR

41
Q

have multiple exit slits, each of which allows a different wavelength to pass through it

A

POLYCHROMATOR

42
Q

conventional rectangular cells
fiber-optic-based immersion probes
automated sample changers
micro-well plate configurations
flow cells

A

Sampling area

43
Q

generate an electric current that is directly proportional to the intensity of the radiant energy incident upon them

A

Photoelectric detectors

44
Q

photosensitive semiconductor devices
photomultipliers

A

detector

45
Q

DIODE-ARRAY INSTRUMENTS
HPLC DETECTORS
FIBER-OPTIC-BASED MODULAR SYSTEMS

A

ALTERNATIVE DETECTOR CONFIGURATIONS

46
Q

the optical configuration is reversed from that in a conventional spectrophotometer, and the light beam passes through the sample before being dispersed by the polychromator

A

DIODE-ARRAY INSTRUMENTS

47
Q

gives the benefit of fast, full spectral data with no moving parts that can wear out

A

DIODE-ARRAY INSTRUMENTS

48
Q

high-stability, low signal-to- noise ratio output at high transmittance levels through a small-aperture flow cell

A

HPLC DETECTORS

49
Q

flexible and easy to use allow measurements to be performed on micro- plates
customized systems

A

FIBER-OPTIC-BASED MODULAR SYSTEMS (adv)

50
Q

there might be room light interference
custom-built systems do not have additional shuttering,
stray light filtering light levels transmitted directly down fibers from high-intensity sources such as Xenon flash lamps may cause photodegradation

A

FIBER-OPTIC-BASED MODULAR SYSTEMS (dis)

51
Q

the width of the band of light at one-half the peak maximum (or full width at half maximum

A

SPECTRAL BANDWIDTH

52
Q

is adequate To have an accurate result.

A

2 nm

53
Q

source of electromagnetic radiation that would be flashed through the sample to know the absorbance and transmittance. May later on affect the resolution (how accurate the data the instrument will produce).

A

light beam

54
Q

radiant energy at wavelengths other than those indicated by the monochromator setting and all radiant energy that reaches the detector without having passed through the sample or reference solutions

A

STRAY LIGHT

55
Q

any scattered radiation from imperfections in the dispersing medium
light leaks in the system incorrect wavelength calibration incorrect optical alignment reduced source output
reduced detector response

A

STRAY LIGHT - CAUSES

56
Q

Relationship between a specific absorbance and the absorbance of the solution

A

OPTIMUM WORKING PHOTOMETRIC RANGE

57
Q

is the photometric range in this spectrum of molar absorptivities at different concentrations

A

center plateau

58
Q

suspended particles scatter light by the __________ effect, causing a ____________ in the measured intensity that __________ as the wavelength decreases

A

Tyndall; decrease; increase

59
Q

property of light wherein light can be scattered in cases of colloidal solution.

A

Tyndall effect

60
Q

the concentration of a chemical solution is directly proportional to its absorption of light

A

BEER’S LAW

61
Q

each layer of equal thickness of the medium absorbs an equal fraction of the energy traversing it

A

LAMBERT’S LAW

62
Q

SPECTRAL BANDWIDTH
STRAY LIGHT
OPTIMUM WORKING PHOTOMETRIC RANGE

A

INSTRUMENTAL FACTORS

63
Q

FLUORESCENCE AND LIGHT SCATTERING

A

SAMPLE-BASED FACTORS

64
Q

CARE OF CELLS
ALIGNMENT AND FILLING OF CELLS CELL CORRECTIONS

A

SAMPLING FACTORS CONSIDERATIONS

QC2 (6 decks)

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