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QC2 > System Suitability and Introduction To Instrumental Methods of Analysis > Flashcards

System Suitability and Introduction To Instrumental Methods of Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

Based on the concept that the equipment, electronics,
analytical operations, and samples to be analyzed
constitute an integral systems that can be evaluated

A

SYSTEM SUITABILITY

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2
Q

Established for a particular procedure depending on the
type of procedure being evaluated

A

SYSTEM SUITABILITY

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3
Q

Important in the case of chromatographic procedures

A

SYSTEM SUITABILITY

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4
Q

System suitability parameters are established from
evaluation of _____________ and _____________ to ensure that
validity of the analytical procedure is maintained whenever
used

A

robustness and ruggedness

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5
Q
  • Intermediate Precision
A

Ruggedness

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6
Q

T/f: System suitability is only performed on equipments

A

True

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7
Q

T/F: there is no fixed testing method

A

True

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8
Q

In this setting, Variations are pH of the mobile phase, the mobile phase
composition, different lots or suppliers of columns, the
temperature, and the flow rate

A

Liquid Chromatography

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9
Q

Variations are different lots/ suppliers of columns, the
temperature, and the flow rate

A

Gas Chromatography

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10
Q

This establishes universal guidelines

A

ICH - International Council for Harmonization

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11
Q

Analytical methods are usually classified as being either

A

classical or instrumental.

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12
Q

also known as wet-chemical
methods

A

classical methods

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13
Q

In classical methods the measurement depends on the

A

chemical
properties of the sample

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14
Q

is made to react completely with the analyte and
the relationship between the measured signal and the analyte concentration is determined by chemical
stoichiometry

A

reagent

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15
Q

(Classical methid) Separation of components of interest in a sample is by

A

precipitation, extraction or distillation

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16
Q

Qualitative analyses (classical methods) of the separated components are
performed based on

A

Colors, boiling or melting points, solubility in different
solvents, odors, optical activities or refractive indices
of products formed upon treatment with reagents

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17
Q

Quantitative analysis (classical method) is done using

A

gravimetric or
volumetric measurements.

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18
Q

Based on the measurement of physical or chemical
properties of the analyte.

A

INSTRUMENTAL METHODS

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19
Q

In instrumental methods, separation of components of complex mixtures are
performed using

A

chromatography and electrophoretic

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20
Q

in instrumental methods, Quantitative analysis is based on measurements of

A

physical properties

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21
Q

conductivity, electrode potential,
light absorption or emission, mass-to-charge ratio and
fluorescence

A

Instrumental method quantitative analysis

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22
Q

More suitable for analysis of
major constituents

A

Classical

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23
Q

Used to certify analytical
standards

A

Classical

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24
Q

Generally cheaper

A

Classical

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25
Q

More accurate and precise

A

Classical

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26
Q

More robust and less
susceptible to
environmental fluctuations

A

Classical

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27
Q

Ability to perform trace
analysis

A

Instrumental

28
Q

Most are multi-channel
techniques

A

Instrumental

29
Q

Shorter analysis time

A

Instrumental

30
Q

Amenable to automation

A

Instrumental

31
Q

More samples may be
analyzed quickly

A

Instrumental

32
Q

Less skill and training
required

A

Instrumental

33
Q

An instrument for chemical analysis converts information
about the physical or chemical characteristics of the
analyte to information that can be manipulated and
interpreted.

A

ANALYTICAL INSTRUMENTS

34
Q

An analytical instrument can be viewed as a ____________ between the system under
study and the investigator.

A

communication device

35
Q

To retrieve the desired information from the analyte, it is
necessary to provide a stimulus, which is usually in the
form of electromagnetic, electrical, mechanical, or
nuclear energy.

A

Principle of analytical instrument

36
Q

To retrieve the desired information from the analyte, it is
necessary to provide a __________-

A

stimulus

37
Q

elicits a response from the system under
study whose nature and magnitude are governed by the
fundamental laws of chemistry and physics

A

stimulus

38
Q

consists of the chemical system
interacting with the stimulus from
the energy source which results in
the production of an analytical
signal reflecting the presence and
usually the concentration of the
analyte.

A

Signal generator

39
Q

transforms the analytical signal
produced by the signal generator
into an electrical signal.

A

Transducer or
detector

40
Q

modifies and “cleans up” the
electrical signal to make it more
convenient to interpret.

A

Signal processor

41
Q

Finally, the converts the electrical
signal to a form usable to the
analyst.

A

Read-out device

42
Q

determines the relationship between the
analytical response and the analyte concentration

A

Calibration

43
Q

calibration is determined by the use of

A

chemical standards

44
Q

Types of Calibration

A

(1) Comparison with standards,
(2) External standard calibration,
(3) Standard addition method,
(4) Internal standard method.

45
Q

Comparison with standards may be done by direct ________ or ________

A

direct comparison or titrations

46
Q

In __________, the property of the analyte is
compared with standards such that the property being
tested matches the standard.

A

direct comparison

47
Q

are among the most accurate of all
analytical procedures

A

Titrations

48
Q

e used to calibrate instruments and
procedures when there are no interference effects from
matrix components in the analyte solution.

A

External standards

49
Q

In external standard Calibration is accomplished by obtaining the _________________

A

response signal

50
Q

prepared by plotting the data or
by fitting them to a suitable mathematical equation

A

calibration curve

51
Q

are particularly useful for
analyzing complex samples in which the likelihood of
matrix effects is substantial

A

Standard-addition methods

52
Q

adding one or more increments of a standard
solution to sample aliquots containing identical
volumes

A

“spiking”

53
Q

a substance that is added in a
constant amount to all samples, blanks, and calibration
standards in an analysis.

A

internal standard

54
Q

carries information about the analyte that is of
interest to the scientist.

A

Signal

55
Q

made up of extraneous information that is
unwanted because it degrades the accuracy and
precision of an analysis and also places a lower limit on
the amount of analyte that can be detected

A

Noise

56
Q

noise that arises from a host of uncontrollable
variables that affect the chemistry of the system being
analyzed

A

Chemical nois

57
Q

noise that is associated with each component
of an instrumen

A

Instrumental noise

58
Q

t/f: Noise that is observed is usually a complex composite
of several sources of noise that cannot be fully
characterized.

A

true

59
Q

an equation that indicates the
magnitude of an experimental effect above the effect of
experimental error due to chance fluctuations

A

Signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio

60
Q

Signal to noise ratio

A

Quanti limit = 10:1
Detection limit = 2:1 or 3:1

61
Q

an international non-profit
organization that aims to develop
guidelines via a process of scientific
consensus with regulatory and
industry experts working together

A

International
Council for
Harmonisation
(ICH)

62
Q

a process in which variations among
the observed sampling results
cannot be attributed to a constant
system of chance causes

A

Out-of-control
process

63
Q

a result that falls outside established
acceptance criteria which have been
established in official compendia

A

Out of
specifications
(OOS) result

64
Q

a time-dependent result which falls
outside a prediction interval or fails a
statistical process control criterion

A

Out of trend (OOT)
result

65
Q

the metric, specification, gauge,
statement, category or physical
product sample against which the
outputs of a process are compared
and declared acceptable or
unacceptable

A

Standard

66
Q

a list of tests, references to
analytical procedures, and
appropriate acceptance criteria that
are numerical limits, ranges, or other
criteria for the test described. It
establishes the set of criteria to
which a material should conform to
be considered acceptable for its
intended use

A

Specification

67
Q

used to verify that the test system
will perform in accordance with the
criteria set forth in the procedure.
The tests are based on the concept
that the equipment, electronics,
analytical operations, and samples
analyzed constitute an integral
system that can be evaluated as
such.

A

System suitability
test

QC2 (6 decks)

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