UTI's Flashcards
A urinary infection is infection in the ___ either involving the ___ (cystitis), or the ___ (pyelonephritis).
urine, bladder, kidneys
For dx of UTI via midstream:
dx via catheterization:
dx via bladder aspirate:
> 100,000
1,000
any growth
Signs of ___ is indicative of a complicated ___ and requires aggressive ___ and follow-up.
pyelonephritis, UTI, tx
Short course antibx therapy is common in ___, but not in ___.
adults, children
UTI’s can have serious complications in ___, the very ___ or ___, ___, or pt’s who have abnormal ___ anatomy.
pregnancy, young, old, immunocompromised, GU
Urine cultures are not always necessary in ___ w/uncomplicated cystitis, but is in ___.
women, children
Kids are more likely to have ___ ___ ___ where urine refluxes back up the urethra.
vesicle urethral reflux (VUR)
___% of adult females have had one UTI. Sexually active women have about ___ UTI every ___ yrs.
50, 1, 2
___ are far less likely to develop a UTI d/t ___urethra.
men, longer
Invading ___ gain entry through the ___.
organisms, urethra
Bladder ___ is enhanced through ___ emptying and bacteriostatic uroepithelium.
sterility, complete
Symptoms of UTI in neonates/infant include: ___ feeding, ___, ___/___, ___, ___, ___ odor or ___ urine color, ___, ___.
poor, colicky, vomiting/diarrhea, lethargy, irritability, strong, dark, fever, fussy
Symptoms of UTI in toddler/child include: ___ appetite, ___, hold ___, new onset ___, ___, ___.
decreased, themselves, enuresis, frequency, dysuria
All ___ children ages ___-___ months w/out obvious site of infection should be evaluated for UTI.
febrile, 2-24
Urine from a child should be obtained via ___ tap or ___ catheterization. Dx of UTI cannot be established by a ___ of urine collected in a ___.
suprapubic, transurethral, cx, bag
VUR is more likely to occur in ___ gender and is ___ predominant.
female, familial
Recurrent UTI is more likely w/ ___.
VUR
Febrile infants ages ___-___ months w/UTI should have a ___ w/first UTI.
2-24, sonogram
Main causative agent for UTI’s (children or adults) is ___.
E.coli
Risk factors for UTI’s include:
sexual intercourse, spermicide-containing contraceptive, Hx of recurrent UTI’s
Mainstay tx for UTI’s is ___ for duration of ___ days.
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), 3
Alternative antibx if allergy to sulfa’s and PCN is ___.
nitrofurantoin (Dilantin)
Phenazopyridine (aka ___) can be used an ___ to relieve pain from a UTI, but is not a ___ tx for UTI and does not tx the UTI itself.
Uristat, analgesic, curative
Recurrent UTI’s can occur in postmenopausal women d/t urinary ___, presence of a ___, postvoiding ___ urine.
incontinence, cystocele, residual
UTI prophylaxis is highly effective in preventing recurrent UTI’s. Continuous prophylaxis is ___ use of antibx. Postcoital prophylaxis is used as a ___ dose following intercourse. Intermittent prophylaxis is used as a ___-course tx upon ___-dx.
continuous, single, short, self
Who is a candidate for prophlactic antibx therapy for UTI’s? women w/> ___ UTI’s per yr, pt’s w/___ or ___, hx of ___ UTI.
3, stones, structural abnormalities, postcoital
Antibx options for tx’ing UTI’s prophylactictly include:
nitrofurantoin, Co-trimoxazole DS, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin
Long-term use of ___ can be associated w/pulmonary toxicity, chronic hepatitis, and neuropathy.
nitrofurantoin
Things that can result from antibx include: reduced efficacy of ___, ___ ___ infections, ___ diarrhea.
OCP’s, candida vaginal, C-diff
Urinary tract ___ is one of the most significant anatomical alterations induced by ___.
dilation, pregnancy
Most pt’s warrant tx prior to identification of ___.
bacteria
Medications to use for UTI in pregnancy:
amoxicillin, cephalosporin, nitrofurantoin
