UTI's

Question 1

A urinary infection is infection in the ___ either involving the ___ (cystitis), or the ___ (pyelonephritis).

Answer 1

urine, bladder, kidneys

Question 2

For dx of UTI via midstream:
dx via catheterization:
dx via bladder aspirate:

Answer 2

> 100,000
1,000
any growth

Question 3

Signs of ___ is indicative of a complicated ___ and requires aggressive ___ and follow-up.

Answer 3

pyelonephritis, UTI, tx

Question 4

Short course antibx therapy is common in ___, but not in ___.

Answer 4

adults, children

Question 5

UTI’s can have serious complications in ___, the very ___ or ___, ___, or pt’s who have abnormal ___ anatomy.

Answer 5

pregnancy, young, old, immunocompromised, GU

Question 6

Urine cultures are not always necessary in ___ w/uncomplicated cystitis, but is in ___.

Answer 6

women, children

Question 7

Kids are more likely to have ___ ___ ___ where urine refluxes back up the urethra.

Answer 7

vesicle urethral reflux (VUR)

Question 8

___% of adult females have had one UTI. Sexually active women have about ___ UTI every ___ yrs.

Answer 8

50, 1, 2

Question 9

___ are far less likely to develop a UTI d/t ___urethra.

Answer 9

men, longer

Question 10

Invading ___ gain entry through the ___.

Answer 10

organisms, urethra

Question 11

Bladder ___ is enhanced through ___ emptying and bacteriostatic uroepithelium.

Answer 11

sterility, complete

Question 12

Symptoms of UTI in neonates/infant include: ___ feeding, ___, ___/___, ___, ___, ___ odor or ___ urine color, ___, ___.

Answer 12

poor, colicky, vomiting/diarrhea, lethargy, irritability, strong, dark, fever, fussy

Question 13

Symptoms of UTI in toddler/child include: ___ appetite, ___, hold ___, new onset ___, ___, ___.

Answer 13

decreased, themselves, enuresis, frequency, dysuria

Question 14

All ___ children ages ___-___ months w/out obvious site of infection should be evaluated for UTI.

Answer 14

febrile, 2-24

Question 15

Urine from a child should be obtained via ___ tap or ___ catheterization. Dx of UTI cannot be established by a ___ of urine collected in a ___.

Answer 15

suprapubic, transurethral, cx, bag

Question 16

VUR is more likely to occur in ___ gender and is ___ predominant.

Answer 16

female, familial

Question 17

Recurrent UTI is more likely w/ ___.

Answer 17

VUR

Question 18

Febrile infants ages ___-___ months w/UTI should have a ___ w/first UTI.

Answer 18

2-24, sonogram

Question 19

Main causative agent for UTI’s (children or adults) is ___.

Answer 19

E.coli

Question 20

Risk factors for UTI’s include:

Answer 20

sexual intercourse, spermicide-containing contraceptive, Hx of recurrent UTI’s

Question 21

Mainstay tx for UTI’s is ___ for duration of ___ days.

Answer 21

trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim), 3

Question 22

Alternative antibx if allergy to sulfa’s and PCN is ___.

Answer 22

nitrofurantoin (Dilantin)

Question 23

Phenazopyridine (aka ___) can be used an ___ to relieve pain from a UTI, but is not a ___ tx for UTI and does not tx the UTI itself.

Answer 23

Uristat, analgesic, curative

Question 24

Recurrent UTI’s can occur in postmenopausal women d/t urinary ___, presence of a ___, postvoiding ___ urine.

Answer 24

incontinence, cystocele, residual

Question 25

UTI prophylaxis is highly effective in preventing recurrent UTI’s. Continuous prophylaxis is ___ use of antibx. Postcoital prophylaxis is used as a ___ dose following intercourse. Intermittent prophylaxis is used as a ___-course tx upon ___-dx.

Answer 25

continuous, single, short, self

Question 26

Who is a candidate for prophlactic antibx therapy for UTI’s? women w/> ___ UTI’s per yr, pt’s w/___ or ___, hx of ___ UTI.

Answer 26

3, stones, structural abnormalities, postcoital

Question 27

Antibx options for tx’ing UTI’s prophylactictly include:

Answer 27

nitrofurantoin, Co-trimoxazole DS, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin

Question 28

Long-term use of ___ can be associated w/pulmonary toxicity, chronic hepatitis, and neuropathy.

Answer 28

nitrofurantoin

Question 29

Things that can result from antibx include: reduced efficacy of ___, ___ ___ infections, ___ diarrhea.

Answer 29

OCP’s, candida vaginal, C-diff

Question 30

Urinary tract ___ is one of the most significant anatomical alterations induced by ___.

Answer 30

dilation, pregnancy

Question 31

Most pt’s warrant tx prior to identification of ___.

Answer 31

bacteria

Question 32

Medications to use for UTI in pregnancy:

Answer 32

amoxicillin, cephalosporin, nitrofurantoin