UTI fluoroquinolone (lec 16)

Question 1

UTI pathogens?

Answer 1

e. coli (80%)
staph saprophyticus (G+)
cath-assoc (U) G-

Question 2

Fluoroquinolones primairly?

Answer 2

floxacins, olones

Question 3

Medically important Fluoroquinolones are?

Answer 3

synthetic fluorinated analogs of naladixic acid

Question 4

Fluoroquinolone mechanism?

Answer 4

inhibits DNA gyrase and Topo IV
Ѧ DNA doesn’t uncoil for duplication
or chromo separation into daughter cells

Question 5

Fluoroquinolone static or cidal?

Answer 5

cidal

Question 6

Fluoroquinolone effective against?

Answer 6

aerobic G- rods

G+

Question 7

Which Fluoroquinolones are effective against anaerobes?

Answer 7

trova-
moxi-
gemifloxacin

Question 8

Which Fluoroquinolone is antipseudomonal?

Answer 8

Cipro

Question 9

DOC for anthrax prophylactic?

Answer 9

Cipro

Question 10

Fluoroquinolone route of administration?

Answer 10

oral

Fe, Mg, Ca2+ can ↓ absorption

Question 11

Fluoroquinolone distribution?

Answer 11

wide thru tissues

poor CNS

Question 12

Fluoroquinolone side-effects?

Answer 12

GI
Cartilage erosion
Tendon rupture
↑ QT interval

Question 13

Fluoroquinolone contraindicated for?

Answer 13

pregnants

kids

Question 14

DOC enterobacter, citrobacter, serratia, shigella, salmonella, legionella?

Answer 14

(G- rods)

quinolone

Question 15

Metronidazoles mechanism?

Answer 15

prodrug,

taken up in DNA

Question 16

Metronidazoles static or cidal?

Answer 16

cidal

Question 17

Metronidazoles active against?

Answer 17

anaerobic G- and G+ bacilli

Question 18

Metronidazoles used to tx?

Answer 18

oral infections (h. pylori)
lots of others

Question 19

Metronidazoles administered?

Answer 19

oral, IV, topical

Question 20

Metronidazoles side-effects?

Answer 20

GI
CNS or PNS toxicity
candida superinfection

Question 21

Exclusive UTI drugs? (3)

Answer 21

nitrofurantoin
methenamine
naladixic acid

Question 22

Exclusive for UTI why?

Answer 22

high [urinary] is cidal

doesn’t [ ] anywhere else in body to be helpful

Question 23

Nitrofurantoin mechanism?

Answer 23

prodrug,

damage DNA

Question 24

Nitrofurantoin spectrum?

Answer 24

wide static and cidal

Question 25

Nitrofurantoin active against?

Answer 25

G+ and G-

esp resistant e. coli

Question 26

Nitrofurantoin not active against?

Answer 26

proteus or pseudomonas

Question 27

Nitrofurantoin administered?

Answer 27

oral

Question 28

Nitrofurantoin contradinicated?

Answer 28

creatinine clearance < 50 mL/min
other renal dxs
pregnants
newborns

Question 29

Nitrofurantoin side-effects?

Answer 29

GI
hepatocellular damage
hemolytic anemia
interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

Question 30

Methenamine mechanism?

Answer 30

prodrug,

decomposes formaldehyde and ammonia in urinary tract

Question 31

Methenamine administration?

Answer 31

oral

Question 32

Methenamine active against?

Answer 32

Nearly all
esp e. coli
DOES NOT cause bacterial resistance to formaldehyde

Question 33

Methenamine side-effects?

Answer 33

GI

Question 34

Methenamine contraindicated?

Answer 34

hepatic and renal issues

Question 35

Nalidixic Acid mechanism?

Answer 35

inhibits DNA synth

Question 36

Nalidixic Acid active against?

Answer 36

G- except pseudomonas