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USMLE conditions common treatment(s) Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for Absence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Treatment for Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

Treatment for After an acute gout attack

A

Allopurinol

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4
Q

Treatment for Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acidAll-trans retinoic acidAll-trans retinoic acidAll-trans retinoic acidAll-trans retinoic acidAll-trans retinoic acid

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5
Q

Treatment for ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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6
Q

Treatment for Alcoholism

A

Disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care

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7
Q

Treatment for Alcohol withdrawal

A

Long-acting benzodiazepines

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8
Q

Treatment for Anorexia

A

Nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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9
Q

Treatment for Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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10
Q

Treatment for Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

a1-antagonists, 5a-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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11
Q

Treatment for Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers (e.g. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine, atypical antipsychotics)

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12
Q

Treatment for Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

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13
Q

Treatment for Bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

Treatment for Candida albicans

A

Topical azoles (vaginitis); nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal); fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)

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15
Q

Treatment for Carcinoid syndrome

A

Octreotide

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16
Q

Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

Treatment for Chronic gout

A

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors (e.g. allopurinol, febuxostat); pegloticase, probenecid

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18
Q

Treatment for Chronic Hep B or C

A

IFNa (HBV and HCV); ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

Treatment for Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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20
Q

Treatment for Clostridium botulinum; Clostridium tetani

A

Antitoxin

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21
Q

Treatment for Clostridium difficile

A

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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22
Q

Treatment for CMV

A

Ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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23
Q

Treatment for Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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24
Q

Treatment for Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole (in AIDS patients)

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25
Q

Treatment for Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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26
Q

Treatment for Depression

A

SSRIs (first line)

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27
Q

Treatment for Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide; indomethacin; amiloride (nephrogenic)

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28
Q

Treatment for Diabetes mellitus type I

A

Dietary intervention (low carbs) + insulin replacement

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29
Q

Treatment for Diabetes mellitus type II

A

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)

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30
Q

Treatment for Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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31
Q

Treatment for Anticoagulation during pregnancy?

A

Heparin

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32
Q

Treatment for Enterococci

A

Vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins

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33
Q

Treatment for Erectile dysfunction

A

Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

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34
Q

Treatment for ER+ breast cancer

A

Tamoxifen

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35
Q

Treatment for HER2/neu+ breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

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36
Q

Treatment for Post-menopausal breast cancer

A

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

37
Q

Treatment for Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

38
Q

Treatment for Haemophilus influenzae (B)

A

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

39
Q

Treatment for Generalized anxiety disorder

A

SSRIs, SNRIs (first line), buspirone (second line)

40
Q

Treatment for Granulomatosis with polyangitis (Wegener)

A

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids

41
Q

Treatment for Heparin reversal

A

Protamin sulfate

42
Q

Treatment for Hyperaldosteronism

A

Sprionolactone

43
Q

Treatment for Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

44
Q

Treatment for Hypertriglyceridemia

45
Q

Treatment for Immediate anticoagulation

46
Q

Treatment for Infertility

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomiphene

47
Q

Treatment for Influenza

A

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

48
Q

Treatment for Kawasaki disease

A

IVIG, high-dose aspirin

49
Q

Treatment for Legionella pneumophila

A

Macrolides (e.g. azithromycin)

50
Q

Treatment for Long-term anticoagulation

A

Warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban

51
Q

Treatment for Malaria

A

Chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

52
Q

Treatment for Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

53
Q

Treatment for Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

54
Q

Treatment for Migraine

A

Abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs); prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)

55
Q

Treatment for Multiple sclerosis

A

Disease-modifying therapies (IFNb, natalizumab; for acute flares use IV steroids)

56
Q

Treatment for mTB

A

RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

57
Q

Treatment for Neisseria gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C trachomatis)

58
Q

Treatment for Neural tube defect prevention

A

Prenatal folic acid

59
Q

Treatment for Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vit D supplementation

60
Q

Treatment for Osteoporosis

A

Calcium/vit D supplementation (prophylaxis); biphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (treatment)

61
Q

Treatment for Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE analogs

62
Q

Treatment for Pheochromocytoma

A

a-antagonists (e.g. phenoxybenzamine)

63
Q

Treatment for Pneumocystis jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis and treatment in immunosuppressed patients)

64
Q

Treatment for Prolactinoma

A

Cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

65
Q

Treatment for Prostate adenocarcinoma / uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

66
Q

Treatment for Prostate adenocarcinoma

67
Q

Treatment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillins, aminoglycosides, carbapenems

68
Q

Treatment for Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

69
Q

Treatment for Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol

70
Q

Treatment for Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

A

Atypical antipsychotics

71
Q

Treatment for Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

A

Typical and atypical antipsychotics

72
Q

Treatment for SIADH

A

Fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline

73
Q

Treatment for Sickle cell disease

A

Hydroxyurea (to increase fetal hemoglobin)

74
Q

Treatment for Sporothrix schenckii

A

Itraconazole, oral potassium iodide

75
Q

Treatment for Stable angina

A

Sublingual GTN

76
Q

Treatment for Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin; MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline

77
Q

Treatment for Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

78
Q

Treatment for Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

79
Q

Treatment for Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin prophylaxis

80
Q

Treatment for Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

81
Q

Treatment for Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

82
Q

Treatment for Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

83
Q

Treatment for Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

84
Q

Treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

85
Q

Treatment for Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

A

Carbamazepine

86
Q

Treatment for Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA preparations (e.g. mesalamine), 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy

87
Q

Treatment for UTI prophylaxis

88
Q

Treatment for Warfarin reversal

A

FFP (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)

Med school (13 decks)

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