Using Fold Mountains (The Andes)

Question 1

What is the Andes

Answer 1

A range of young fold mountains formed some 65 million years ago

Question 2

How large is the range

Answer 2

Largest in the world, 7000km in length- whole of South America
300km in width
Average height of 4000m

Question 3

What are the 4 uses of the Andes

Answer 3

1. Farming
2. Mining
3. Hydroelectric power
4. Tourism

Question 4

Terraces

Answer 4

These create areas of flat land on steep slopes
Retains water in an area which doesn’t normally
Limit downward movement of soil where it is normally thin

Question 5

Crops

Answer 5

Mostly grown in the lower valleys

Question 6

Llamas

Answer 6

They have been pack animals for hundreds of years
Carrying materials for irrigation and buildings into inhospitable and inaccessible areas
They can carry 25% of their own body weight

Question 7

Mining

Answer 7

Have range of important minerals such as nickel, silver and gold
More than half of Peru’s exports are from mining

Question 8

Gold mine

Answer 8

Yanacocha is largest in the world
Gold loosened by daily dynamite blasts
Then sprayed with cyanide
This can lead to contaminating water supplies

Question 9

Nearby town population

Answer 9

Cajamarca

30,000 inhabitants –> 240,000 in 2005

Question 10

Why can HEP be generated

Answer 10

1. Steep slopes and narrow valleys so more easily damned
2. High relief encourages rapid water flow
3. High altitude, melting snow which increases supply of water but variation in supply is disadvantage

Question 11

Yuncan project

Answer 11

Dams the Paucartambo and Huachon rivers in North-East Peru

Question 12

El Platinal project

Answer 12

Due to begin dam construction in 2009

Question 13

Tourism

Answer 13

1. Many natural attractions such as mountain peaks, volcanoes, glaciers and lakes
2. Early settlement built by the Incas like Machu Picchu
3. Inca Trail combines both