Use of aid for economic development

Question 1

Myanmar

Answer 1

• total = $14 billion, $4 billion in energy sector
• building of oil and gas pipelines for new import route for China (doesn’t have to rely on Malacca strait, while currently provides 80% of all its oil and gas)
• Chinese section began construction Sep. 2010 by CNPC
• human rights abuses accusations: forced labour, jailing residents who oppose plans, forced evictions
• violent protests against the development November 2012
• “The Chinese come here for their own benefit and then leave us with only small things” NYT

Question 2

Vietnam

Answer 2

• total $3.4 billion in 2004
• $1.6 billion went to the funding of a bauxite (used for aluminium production) mine (Vietnam has third highest reserves)
• in return Chinese company Chalco got rights to the building of the 1st processing plant at the site

Question 3

Cambodia

Answer 3

• 1992 - 2010 invested $9.7 billion
• Sep. 2012 secured $500 million loan for infrastructure projects, approved industrial park worth $2 billion, will produce 3 million tonnes of steel a year and employ 10,000, total $2.5 billion
• May 2010 provided $14 million worth of military equipment
• in return, Cambodia used its postition as Chair to stop the development of a “code of conduct” in the South China Sea ASEAN’s 45th Joint Communique on July 13, 2012`

Question 4

2009

Answer 4

2009 gave $39 million to Laos, Burma Cambodia, poorest states