Definitions

Question 1

National interest

Answer 1

Outlines the goals or objectives of foreign policy and is used as an all-embracing concept to justify policy preferences and interest. Eg a national interest of China is economic development, and it has sought this by dropping average tariffs from 56% in 1982 to 11% in 2003

Question 2

Security

Answer 2

Traditionally refers to protection of a state’s borders from intruders and the maintenance of sovereignty, most commonly achieved through the use of military power. Has evolved to include softer forms of security such as access to resources (economic security) and protection of ecosystems (environmental security).

Question 3

Idealism

Answer 3

A school of thought in which foreign policy is influenced above all else by moral principle, as opposed to practical and pragmatic consideration.

Question 4

Pragmatism

Answer 4

School of thought in which foreign policy is influenced above all else by practical and pragmatic considerations, as opposed to moral principles.

Question 11

Soft power

Answer 11

The ability to shape the actions of other global actors, most commonly exercised through diplomacy, culture, policies and history.
Coined by Joseph Nye
Systems put in place by the state (alliances)
Other states wish to imitate and attain same result

Question 12

Hard power

Answer 12

Power exercised through coercion, or threatened acts of coercion, to influence the actions of other global actors.
Most commonly exercised militarily.
Stick and carrot approach
One dimensional view