USCR Promoting Safety Flashcards
What is a hazard?
danger of risk
Types of hazards?
Environmental hazards
Human hazard
Classify the hazards as environmental or human
Air/water/soil pollution: human chemical odours in workplace: environmental cluttered/dirty bedside table: both drinking and driving: both genetic factors: human
What is sensory deficit?
defect in one or more function
What is kinaesthetic?
body movement
What is a bacteremia infection
infection of the blood
What is a septicemia infection?
whole body is infected due to an untreated bacteremia infection
BCF factors affecting USCR safety?
air pollution water developmental stage work hospital health state home biohazardous waste
Key principles relevant to patient safety- all age groups?
age: affects ability to perceive/interpret stimuli
familiarity with environment: makes it less hazardous
illness: makes individual more vulnerable to injury
Inatrogenic/narcogenic: diagnostic/therapeutic measures could cause harm to pt
The ability to provide self protection is affected by?
patient assessment/data collection
mental status level of consciousness (LOC) sensory perception emotional state motor status (mobility level/aids) signs of infection
Safety hazards for young adults (20-40 Y.O.)?
home: changing batteries in smoke detector
work: proper disposal of sharps
leisure: drugs & alcohol
Environment at large: pollution
Safety hazards for middle-aged adults (40-65 Y.O.)?
Home: accidents in kitchen
work: back injury/heat exhaustion
leisure: drinking & driving
environment at large: pollution
Safety hazards for older adults (65 till death)?
Home: bathroom safety bars
work: illness due to working in coal mine
leisure: mobility (driving)
environment at large: pollution
Mental status objective/subjective data collection?
oriented x3 (person, place, time) memory recall- short and long term awareness and attention span judgement/reasoning overall appearance
LOC objective/subjective data collection?
fully awake
cooperative
responsive
alert
note: as loc decreases the status of pt may change in these categories: cooperativeness attention span responsiveness irritability/patience
Sensory perception objective/subjective data collection?
touch taste smell vision hearing kinesthetic
kinaesthetic objective/subjective data collection?
motor status (subjective) (weak, dizzy, tired, pain) balance coordination restrictions (restraints) decrease in muscle strength medications affecting mobility
Risk factors for falls at hospital?
mobility issues: orthostatic hypotention, gait + balance affecting legs
mental status diseasing process sensory perception disorder medication nocturia pain previous fall
nursing neglect
failure to assess orientation/awareness
inadequate assessment of pt mobility/strength
restraints
Risk factors for falls at hospital summary?
Thorough nursing assessment on admission and p.r.n.
Updating the TNP (care plan) as patient’s condition changes (documentation)
Keep environment free of clutter
Keep all safety/personal items (i.e. call bell, commode, cane, telephone, hair brush, magazine etc.)
Educate patient about the use of call bell and encourage patient request assistance
Ensure patient uses the necessary ambulatory devices (i.e. canes, walkers etc.)
Ensure adequate lighting
Ensure all wires/tubes (ie. electrical, IV, oxygen) are out of patient’s “way”
Ensure patient wears eye glasses, hearing aids etc.
Ensure patient wears non-skid shoes
Follow RNAO - Best Practice Guidelines for Restraints
Educate patient/ significant others
Speak Up?
Speak up! if you have any questions or concerns. It is your right to know.
Pay attention.
Educate yourself about your condition.
Ask a trusted family member or friend to be your supporter while you are in the hospital.
Know which medications you are taking and why you taking them.
Understand that you are the centre of your healthcare team.
Participate in all decisions about your treatment.
Mental state factors?
Anxiety Anger Stress Depression Illusion Hallucinations Burn out Fatigue Fear
Signs of Infection – Lab Tests to Screen for Infection?
Culture and Sensitivity (C&S) Blood Urine Wound Sputum Throat
Blood Tests
CBC with differential(complete blood count subdivided for different levels of blood cells)
Skin Assessment.
What is the function of skin?
Protects from injury and passage of microorganisms
Regulates body temperature
Secretes sebum – softens & lubricates skin
Transmits sensations – pain, temperature, touch & pressure (one of our 6 senses = touch)
Produces and absorbs Vitamin D
What to look for in skin assessment?
Colour Turgor (pinch test on back of hand) Intactness Cleanliness/odour Texture Temperature Moisture Edema Itchiness
Lesions mole petechia freckle nodule papule wart vesicle hive wheal cancer
Decubitus Ulcers (DU)
Risk site for decubitus ulcers?
elbow, inner knees, head, ears, shoulder, lower back and buttocks, heel
SKIN Self Care Practices - Data Collection?
How much time in the sun?
Use of sunscreen? If yes, what SPF number and or does it contain UVA&UVB protection?
Use of tanning salons/ sun lamps
Wears hat in the sun and or sun glasses
Factors Affecting Skin Integrity?
- using sunscreen
- hygiene practices
- nutritional status
- hydration level
- wearing a hat when appropriate
Standard action demand statement guidelines
Maintain…
Improve…
Increase…
Actions (General Methods) Practicing… Eating… Drinking… Wearing… Protecting…
