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Pharma written > Usage of antibiotics in companion animals > Flashcards

Usage of antibiotics in companion animals Flashcards

1
Q

Which Gr + bacterias are normal in companion animals

A

Bacillus and clostridium is not that frequent

staphylococcus

streptococcus

enterococcus

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2
Q

clostridium in companion animals - which diseases and what AB?

A

Cl. perfringens: enteropatho

Cl. teteni: tetanus

narrow spectrum penicillins: penicillins, peocain and benzathine penicillin

or combination

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3
Q

treat anaerobe bacteria

A

metronidazole

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4
Q

treatment of staphylococcus

A

produces b-lactamase

Ø narrow spectrum penicillins

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5
Q

treatment of streptococcus

A

narrow spectrum penicillin or amoxicillin

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6
Q

treat enterococcus

A

UTI infections - use amoxicillin.

never use cephalospoins in case it is complicated

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7
Q

Gram negative bacteria ususally infecting comapnion animals

A 
pasteurella
bordetella bronchiseptics
enterobacteria
pseudomonas aeruginosa
borrelia spp
prevotella, porphyromonas, bactereides
mycoplasma
chlamydia, rickettsia
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8
Q

pasteruella

  • infections
  • treatment
A

respiratory tract infections
cats: dermatitis, pharyngitis, oral cavity infections, abscesses, otitis

amoxicillin and narrow spectrum penicillins

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9
Q

bordetella bronchiseptia

  • infection
  • treatment
A

kennel cough

resistant agsint b-lactamase AB, need to use TTC, macrolides, sulphonamides and fluoroquinolones

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10
Q

enterobacter

  • infection
  • treatment
A 
E.coli - UTI
GI infections (dont treat)

amoxicillin + claculanic acid

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11
Q

GI infections in companion animals, treatment

A

never treat, deadly spreading, can lead to resistance

treat the symptoms instead

only treat with AB in case of severe problems - can cause septicaemia and bacteriemi - give it IV

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12
Q

pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • infections
  • treatment
A

otitis externa, supperative otitis externa

hard to treat - cannot use penicillin

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13
Q

borrelia spp

  • infection
  • treatment
A

lyme disease

use amoxicillin if it is acute

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14
Q

prevotella, porphyromonas, bacteroides

  • infections
  • treatment
A

oral vacity infections
bite wounds
anal sacculitis

amoxicillin+ clavulanic acid
cephalosporin

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15
Q

mycoplasma

  • infection
  • treatment
A

respiratory infections
anemia

tetracyclines

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16
Q

chlamydia, rickettsia

  • infection
  • treatment
A

respiraotry tract infections (cats)
eye ifections
Rickettsia: anaplasmosis

tetracyclines

17
Q

narrow spectrum penicillins indications

A

pharyngitis
respiratory infections (pasteurella spp)
tetanus

SC, IM

18
Q

what is piperacillin and tazobactam used agaisnt?

A

pseudomonas aeruginosa

in life threathening infections

19
Q

1st generation cephalosporins - what bacteria

A

gram negative and positive

20
Q

2nd generation cephalosporins - what bacteria?

A

gram negative (more effective) and positive

21
Q

what is cefalexin first choice for?

A

dermatitis

22
Q

streptomycins

  • combinations
  • SE
A

should never be used alone, combine it with narrow spectrum penicillin

SE: nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, never give to dehydrated animals, young, old

23
Q

which aminoglycoside is the most toxic?

A

neomycin - only use topically

24
Q

polymyxine B - use

A

good against gram negative - p.aeruginosa

topical ear drops

25
Q

bactiracin - use

A

against gram positive in eye infections

in rabbits for enteritis

26
Q

when is vancomycin and teicoplanin used?

A

in life threathening gram positive infections - MRSA, MRSP

27
Q

tetracyclines used in companion animals

A

chlortetracyclines

doxycylines

28
Q

chlortetracyclines

A

short acting
not good ora absorption
not very good pharmacokinetic protperties

used agaisnt dermatitis, wounds

cats are sensitive

29
Q

doxycyline

A

better than chlortetracyclines

dairy products influences the absorption

1st choice for lyme disease

kills wolbachia

30
Q

macrolides used in companion animals

A

spiramycin
azithromycin
clarithromycin
tylosine

31
Q

spiramycin

  • against
  • infections
  • combinations
A

strepto and anerobic bacteria

oral cavity infections

stomorgyl (anaerobe) combined with metronidazole

32
Q

azithromycin

A

respiratory infections
give with food or else there will be vomiting
accumulates in macrophages
lyme disease and campylobacter enteritis

Pharma written (4 decks)

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