USA Topic 1 Flashcards
How many unemployed in 1929?
2.5 million
How many unemployed by 1932?
13 million
What fell when US economy collapsed?
World trade
What was there a less demad for?
US consumer goods
What workers were first to lose their jobs?
Black workers
What percentage of white and black people were unemployed by 1933?
Black 50% White 20%
What did people set up when they lost their homes?
Set up hoovervilles
What did some unemployed people do?
Drifted across country looking for work on freight trains
What happened in 1931 to crops and farmers?
There was a drought which ruined the crops, over 1 million farmers packed up their things and left to work in the fruit growing areas on the west coast
What happened to marriages, birth rates and suicide rates?
By 1932, marriages fell by almost 250,000, birth rate fell, suicide rate increased to 17.4 suicides per 1000 people
What percentage of population recieved no income?
25% by 1932
Who won 1932 election?
Roosevelt
Roosevelt= hoover=
Appealing, unpopular
What made Roosevelt appealing?
Offered new solutions, via new deal based on 3 R’s (Relief, Recovery, Reform)
What is Recovery and Reform? 3 Rs
To help restore the economy
What did he put in place to ressure nation?
Fireside chats
What was Alphabet Agencies?
Programmes designed to tackle depression
What was Roosevelts approach?
Simple message but bold approach
What did Roosevelt overcome?
Effects of polio which had paralysed him, but became a successful politician
Who opposed new deal?
Huey long, politicians on both sides, supreme court
What made Hoover unpopular?
Blamed for Great Depression, didnt offer any new solutions, banks and business continued to fail
What did President Hoover do?
Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act 1930 (increased import tax on foreign good), cut taxes by $130m, repairs to roads & dams (got 1.8b from congress), Gov lent money to farmers
What happened to unemployment despite all the things that President Hoover did?
Continued to rise 1931-1932
Name an alphabet agency? And explain it?
AAA (agricultural adjustment act) -farmers paid to produce less, as production fell, prices would rise so farmers could recover. By 1936, incomes were 1.5 times higher than in 1933
