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History Big Questions > USA Post-War 📈 > Flashcards

USA Post-War 📈 Flashcards

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1
Q

By 1941, military budgets were how much higher than in 1940?

A

X4 higher

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2
Q

How much were the govt spending a day by 1945?

A

$250 million

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3
Q

What did Roosevelt set up in 1942?

A

War Production Board

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4
Q

From 1941-45, how many planes, tanks, guns and rounds of ammunition did USA make?

A

300,000 planes / 100,000 tanks / 20 million guns / 44 billion rounds of ammunition

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5
Q

How much did the USA’s GNP grow by in what years?

GNP = amount of money USA makes in a year

A 
1939 = $91.3 billion
1945 = $166.6 billion
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6
Q

How many people worked in factories?

A

14 million

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7
Q

How much did the amount of money spent on consumer goods increase by?

A

50%

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8
Q

When was the Lend Lease introduced and what did it do?

A

1941 - meant Britain would be loaned necessary equipment to fight Nazis

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9
Q

How much did Britain receive from the USA from the Lend lease?

A

$31.4 billion

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10
Q

How much in total was shipped out of USA in the Len Lease?

A

$50.1 billion worth

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11
Q

What did farm income grow by as a % and in $

A

grew by 250% to $20 billion

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12
Q

How many black Americans moved to cities in 1940-44

A

5 million

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13
Q

How many black Americans worked in the armament factories?

A

2 million

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14
Q

How many black Americans worked for the govt in what years?

A 
1939 = 50,000
1944 = 200,000
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15
Q

By what year did 7 million women join the workforce?

A

1944

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16
Q

How many women joined the armed forces?

A

300,00

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17
Q

How many native Americans joined the armed forces?

A

75,000

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18
Q

How many new businesses were set up in the war?

A

500,000 eg. Coca-Cola

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19
Q

What did Wrigleys do during the war?

A

supplied gum in soldier’s ration packs

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20
Q

How many people were part of unions in what year?

A 
1941 = 11 million
1945 = 15 million
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21
Q

How many people overall joined the war effort?

A

15 million

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22
Q

By 1945, how many people had moved to find war work?

A

1 in 8

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23
Q

How much did the population of California grow by?

A

72%

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24
Q

How many ‘relocation centres’ were set up after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?

A

10

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25
Q

How many Japanese Americans were forcibly sent to camps?

A

100,000

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26
Q

How much money was taken (mostly from looting) Japanese Americans?

A

$400 million

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27
Q

What fraction of aircraft workers were women?

A

1/3

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28
Q

What fraction of workers in munitions and electronics were women?

A

1/2

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29
Q

How many plant managers said women were the best workers?

A

60%

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30
Q

By what year was a third of the workforce women?

A

1944

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31
Q

How many women entered the workforce between 1942-45?

A

6 million

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32
Q

What board authorized equal pay, but women were still paid less despite this

A

The National War Labor Board

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33
Q

How much percent did women earn of men’s wages?

A

65%

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34
Q

How many women entered the armed forces?

A

300,000

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35
Q

When were black Americans given the right to vote?

A

1870

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36
Q

In what state were black Americans who tried to vote lynched?

A

Mississippi

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37
Q

How many black Americans were registered to vote in Mississippi?

A

5%

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38
Q

How much more did white teachers earn than black teachers?

A

30% more

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39
Q

What were the laws called that segregated black Americans?

A

Jim Crow Laws

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40
Q

During the 1950s, how much of the world’s goods did america make?

A

nearly 50%

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41
Q

Where did many white Americans move from and to?

A

from cities to suburban areas

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42
Q

By 1960, how much higher was the living standard of Americans than Britons

A

3x higher

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43
Q

What term came about from what year used to descri9be a group of people with more money and free time?

A

Teenagers from 1940

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44
Q

Give two examples of teenage rebels

A

Marlon Brando, James Dean

45
Q

What was TV ownership in 1948?

A

0.4% of households

46
Q

What was TV ownership in 1954?

A

55.7%

47
Q

What was TV ownership in 1958?

A

83.2%

48
Q

How many hit singles did Elvis have?

A

170

49
Q

How many top-selling albums did Elvis have?

A

80

50
Q

What was Truman’s enlargement of the New Deal going to include?

A

increasing unemployment insurance, increasing minimum wage, clearing slums, more public work programs

51
Q

How much did Europe owe the USA by the end of the war?

A

$11.5 billion

52
Q

What was the Marshal Plan and when was it?

A

Marshall Plan (1948) gave $17 billion to European countries so they could rebuild economies`

53
Q

By what year had the USA spent $13 billion on Europe?

A

1951

54
Q

How were the American loans to other countries helpful for America?

A

They could get trade and interest payments

55
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine, and when was it?

A

1947 - “for every communist action, there will be an equal, opposite American reaction”

56
Q

What did Red Scare thingy did Congress set up?

A

House Committee of Un-American Activities - to investigate communist sympathizers in the govt, education and film

57
Q

Who was the USSR communist spy working under Truman, and when was he convicted?

A

Alger Hiss - Jan 1950

58
Q

What was the famous slogan of the Second Red Scare

A

“Reds under every bed”

59
Q

Who did Joe McCarthy accuse of being communist?

A

General Marshall, and future President Eisenhower

60
Q

Who was McCarthy’s ally?

A

J Edgar Hoover, director of the FBI

61
Q

How many files did J Edgar Hoover build, and how many proved to be true?

A

60,000 files, 556 true

62
Q

How many names did the Hollywood blacklist contain, and what did this cause?

A

150 names - resulted in them being fired

63
Q

When were the Greensboro sit ins, and how many desegregated lunch counters were there?

A

1960 - 126

64
Q

When were freedom rides?

A

1961

65
Q

What were freedom rides?

A

Members of CORE decided to ride on buses in the city of Birmingham Alabama as the city was ignoring the integration on buses law

66
Q

When was MLK’s March on Washington?

A

August 1963

67
Q

How many people were at the March on Washington

A

200,000 blacks 50,000 whites

68
Q

In Selma, what was the population of black Americans, out of how many people?

A

15,000 black out of a population of 29,000

69
Q

How many black Americans are registered to vote in Selma?

A

335

70
Q

When and how many people were involved in the Selma March, and what happened to them?

A

600 marched and they were attacked - media dubbed it “Bloody Sunday”

71
Q

What does NOW stand for, and when was it set up?

A

National Organisation for Women - 1966

72
Q

What was the NOW Bill of Rights, and when was it?

A

1967 - wanted to enforce laws banning sexual discrimination in the workplace, maternity leave rights, social security benefits, equal job training etc

73
Q

What did the Equal Pay Act establish and when was this?

A

1963 - established the principle for men and women in the same job to have the same pay, but there were many excerions

74
Q

What is the Equal Rights Amendment Act, and when was it?

A

1972 - removed the exceptions in the Equal Pay Act

75
Q

Despite the Equal Pay Amendment Act (1972), what was women’s pay still compared to men’s?

A

70% of men’s pay

76
Q

When did the Supreme Court allow contraception for unmarried couples?

A

1972

77
Q

When was Roe VS Wade, and what was it about?

A

1973 - Supreme Court made abortion legal :)

78
Q

What and when was the first Civil Rights Act?

A

1964 - made it illegal for local govt to discriminate in housing and employment

79
Q

After the 1964 Civil Rights Act, how many black Americans registered to vote in how many months?

A

In 20 months 430,000 registered

80
Q

When, what act, and who pushed the allowance of govt agents to inspect voting procedures to make sure black Americans could vote?

A

1965 - Voting Rights Act - President Johnson

81
Q

When was the second Civil Rights Act, and what did it do?

A

1968 - housing could not be sold or rented (or prevented from) on the basis of race, religion, national origin or sex

82
Q

Who led the Nation of Islam, and who did the group attract?

A

Elijah Muhammad - attracted black Americans who were frustrated with the lack of progress by peaceful protests

83
Q

Give a famous member of the Nation of Islam

A

Boxer Cassius Clay who changed his name to Muhammad Ali

Malcolm Little aka Malcom X

84
Q

What did Malcom X want?

A

A separate black state in America and use force if necessary

85
Q

When was Malcom X assassinated?

A

1965

86
Q

What was the SNCC and when was it set up?

A

1960 - initially non-violent

87
Q

What does the SNCC stand for?

A

Student Non-Violent Coordinating Council

88
Q

Why did the SNCC become more radical and when?

A

1966 - Stokely Carmichael was elected chairman - he talked about “black power” and was critical of MLK

89
Q

What were the Black Panthers and how many members did they have?

A

2000 member - a small private army who believed blacks should arm themselves and force whites to give them equal rights

90
Q

When, where, and how many were involved in the Watts Riot?

A

1965 - Los Angeles - 30,000 protestors

91
Q

When, and how many people were arrested in the Detroit Riots?

A

July 1967 - 7000 people

92
Q

Why did the Race riots happen?

A

Black Americans didn’t feel they had the same protection as white americas as most police were white

93
Q

How much did Kennedy’s Housing Act spend on improving housing?

A

$5 billion

94
Q

How much did Johnson spend on improving primary and secondary education?

A

$1.5 billion

95
Q

What did the Economic Opportunity Act do, and when was this?

A

1964 - provided training to disadvantaged youths aged 16-21

96
Q

What was Medicare and Medicaid 1965?

A

Provided medical insurance for the over-65s and hospital care for the poor

97
Q

What act provided money for replacing inner city slums with new homes?

A

The Development Act 1964

98
Q

What act provided money for college students?

A

The Higher Education Act

99
Q

Why was Johnson’s Great Society not given more credit?

A

Much of his work was drowned out by the terrible publicity around the Vietnam War

100
Q

When was Little Rock?

A

1957

101
Q

How long did President Eisenhower send troops in to protect the Little Rock 9?

A

6 weeks

102
Q

What happened in Little Rock, Arkansas?

A

Supreme Court ordered the governor of Arkansas (Orval Faubus) to let 9 black children go to a white high school but used state troopers to stop them

103
Q

How much income did the Montgomery Bus Boycott lose?

A

65%

104
Q

What was formed due to the Montgomery bus boycott?

A

Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA)

105
Q

What and when was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

A

1955-56 = Rosa Parks didn’t give up her seat and was arrested and convicted

106
Q

When was the Brown V Board of Education, Topeka, Kansas, case?

A

1954

107
Q

What was the Brown V Board of Education, Topeka case

A
  • girl called Linda Brown wasn’t allowed to attend her local white-only school
  • the court ordered all southern states to open intergrated schools
108
Q

Who didn’t like the Great Society and why?

A

Republicans - hated limitations it put on people’s freedom

History Big Questions (5 decks)

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