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USA Flashcards

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1
Q

What laws allowed segregation

A

Jim Crow Laws

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2
Q

When was Plessy vs Ferguson and what happened

A

1896- Plessy taken to court for sitting in white only car. The judge, Ferguson, convicted him. Plessy went to Supreme Court and came about the idea ‘separate but equal’. As long as they’re the same, it’s ok to have one race things

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3
Q

How many black Americans had the right to vote in 1956

A

≈20%

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4
Q

What did most states have in the 50s that was meant to make it harder for black people to get a vote

A

Literacy tests were harder

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5
Q

What were the main ways of protest

A

Marches
Sit ins
Boycotts
Media exposure
Violence (Malcom X)

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6
Q

Facts about NAACP

A

Founded in 1909
Set up LDF in ‘40 to help wrongly convicted black people
Won almost every case taken to the supreme court

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7
Q

Facts about CORE

A

Used non-violent form of protest
Trained members not to react

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8
Q

What did WASP stand for

A

White Anglo Saxon Protestants

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9
Q

When was brown vs Topeka and what happens

A

1954- overruled Plessy vs Ferguson making segregation unconstitutional

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10
Q

When did all schools become unsegregated

A

1972

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11
Q

When was Little Rock high and what happened

A

1957- Elizabeth Eckford and 8 others went to an all white school in the Deep South. Guards blocked all entrances and President Eisenhower had to send in 1000 paratroopers. Faubus in response closed all schools in Arkansas for a year the next year

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12
Q

When did Rosa Parks refuse to change seat

A

1 December 1955

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13
Q

How long did the bus boycott last

A

381 days

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14
Q

Who promoted the bus boycott

A

WPC

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15
Q

How did black people get around during the bus boycott

A

Carpools

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16
Q

What is a Dixiecrat

A

Democratic Party senators from southern states

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17
Q

Facts about SNCC

A

Founded in April 1960
Received grant of $800 from SCLC
Nicknamed snick

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18
Q

When was the Greensboro sit in

A

1 Feb 1960

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19
Q

What did freedom riders do

A

Rode buses from north to south to see if desegregation in buses was really happening

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20
Q

Who organised freedom rides

A

James Farmer, director of CORE

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21
Q

How many arrest came about due to the freedom rides

A

7300

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22
Q

When did James Meredith attempt to attend school in Mississippi

A

1962

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23
Q

How many marshals were sent out to help James Meredith

A

26

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24
Q

How many people were in the mob that tried to stop James Meredith

A

3000

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25
Q

When did demonstrations begin in Birmingham

A

3 April 1963

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26
Q

Who was mayor of Birmingham when the protests happened

A

Bull Connor

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27
Q

How many children were arrested in Birmingham

A

1300

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28
Q

What was firebombed and where

A

A bus in Anniston (just outside Alabama)

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29
Q

When was the civil rights act introduced

A

1964

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30
Q

What did the Civil Rights act say

A

Discrimination in hotels, restaurants, lunch counters and theatres was banned

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31
Q

What happen in 1965 at Selma

A

March

32
Q

What happened to the marchers in Selma

A

Stopped on the bridge and attacked

33
Q

When was the Voting Rights Act introduced

A

Summer 1965

34
Q

What did the Voting Bill say

A

Ended literacy tests
Ensured monitoring of registration

35
Q

By end of 1965 how many black Americans voted and what did the figure rise to by 1968

A

250k to 1 mill

36
Q

What did Malcom X reject at first

A

Direct Action

37
Q

When was Malcom X killed

A

21 Feb 1965

38
Q

Facts about Black Panthers

A

Founded in California in 1966
Believed black people needed own police force

39
Q

How many major riots were there between 64-68 and in how many cities

A

329 in 257

40
Q

How many death were there in the riots between 64-68

A

220

41
Q

Why were there riots

A

Unemployment
Poverty
Poor education
Discrimination

42
Q

In how many towns were there riots after Kings death

A

72

43
Q

What did the 1968 Civil Rights Act state

A

Fair housing and federal protection

44
Q

After MLKs death what did SNCC change the N from to

A

Non-violent to National

45
Q

Who were ARVN

A

South Vietnam army

46
Q

Who were the Vietcong

A

Communist led guerrilla group

47
Q

How much money did the US give South Vietnam between 55 and 61

A

$7 billion

48
Q

Who was the savage dictator in South Vietnam

A

Diem

49
Q

When was the South Vietnam revolution to get rid of Diem

A

1 November 1963

50
Q

How many strategic hamlets were built in 1962

A

3000

51
Q

Why did America get involved in Vietnam

A

Domino theory and Truman Doctrine

52
Q

When was Gulf of Tonkin incident

A

2-4 August 1964

53
Q

What happened at the Gulf of Tonkin

A

US warship Maddox attacked ‘twice’

54
Q

What methods did the Vietcong use

A

Punji traps
250km of underground tunnels
Wore American uniforms

55
Q

What tactics did America use

A

Operation Rolling Thunder
Operation Ranch Hand
Search and Destroy

56
Q

How many litres of Agent Orange were used

A

82 million

57
Q

How many Vietnamese roughly suffered health problems due to Ranch Hand

A

3 million

58
Q

When was the Tet offensive launched

A

30 Jan 1968

59
Q

How long did the Tet offensive last

A

2 months

60
Q

How many tons of bombs were dropped on Cambodia

A

3 million

61
Q

How many were killed due to the bombing of Cambodia

A

100k and 2 million made homeless

62
Q

What was Operation Linebacker II

A

Bombing of NV for 12 days around Christmas

63
Q

At its height, what did the war cost America each day

A

$1 billion

64
Q

How many tons of bombs were dropped in Vietnam by the US

A

7 million

65
Q

How many US soldiers died during the war

A

58,000

66
Q

How many US soldiers became severely disabled

A

75,000

67
Q

How many Vietnamese died due to the war

A

≈2 million

68
Q

When was the protest March on Washington against Vietnam and how many went

A

21/10/1967, 100k present

69
Q

How much did Calley get due to the Mai Lai massacre

A

Life sentence, served 3 years

70
Q

How big was the protest after the public found out about the Mai Lai massacre

A

500k people

71
Q

Who was Henry Kisseneger

A

US national security adviser 69-75

72
Q

Who was Lu Duc Tho

A

Head of communist party of Vietnam

73
Q

When were Kissinger and Duc Tho awarded the Peace Prize

A

1973

74
Q

When was a ceasefire agreed

A

23 June 1973

75
Q

When was Vietnam reunited

A

1975

76
Q

Were there more suicides after or deaths during the war for the US

A

Suicides

77
Q

How many Vets suffered from PTSD

A

700k

History (12 decks)

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