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Cold War Flashcards

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1
Q

Who were the 2 superpowers in the Cold War

A

USSR and USA

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2
Q

Which was a communism and which was a democracy

A

USSR- communism, USA- democracy

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3
Q

What is MAD

A

Mutually Assured Destruction

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4
Q

What brought on MAD

A

Both superpowers had many many nuclear bombs so if they were to go to war they would destroy each other

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5
Q

How did the two superpowers fight

A

Proxy wars

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6
Q

What were the main parts of communism (5)

A

Shared equally, fair starting points, benefits, corruption, less productive

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7
Q

What were the main parts of Capitalism

A

Meritocratic, allowed to keep assets, inheritance, no government help

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8
Q

What happened in 1917 that led to the formation of communism

A

Russian Revolution led Lenin

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9
Q

What were the 3 conferences and when were they

A

Tehran (1943), Yalta (1945), Potsdam (1945)

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10
Q

What was agreed at the Tehran conference (4)

A

Britain and US to open 2nd front, USSR to wage war with Japan after Germany, UN set up, Poland to be a part of USSR

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11
Q

What was agreed at Yalta (7)

A

Soviet to wage war with Japan after Germany, divide Germany and Berlin into 4 zones, Hunt Nazi war criminals, allow free liberation and elections, join UN, Eastern Europe to be under USSR sphere of influence

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12
Q

What was agreed at Potsdam (7)

A

Germany and Berlin into 4 zones, Germany demilitarised, democracy in Germany, Germany to pay reparations, nazi party banned, participation in UN, polands frontier moved westward

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13
Q

What disagreements were at Potsdam (2)

A

1) Stalin wanted Germany to cripple, Truman refused
2) Truman wanted democracy, Stalin wanted Dictatorship. Truman creates the Truman Doctrine

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14
Q

Who was the British leader at Yalta

A

Attlee

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15
Q

What was the name for people poisoned by the A bomb

A

Hibakusha

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16
Q

When was the Long Telegram

A

Feb 1946

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17
Q

When was the Novikov Telegram

A

Sep 46

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18
Q

What is PINT of P

A

Policy change, International relations, Nature of warfare, Turning point, Prestige

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19
Q

When did Churchill deliver his Iron Curtain speech

A

46

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20
Q

Where was the speech held

A

Fulton

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21
Q

What is the definition of a satellite state

A

Countries who’s government seems independent but are actually controlled by another stronger country

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22
Q

Describe the Truman Doctrine in one word

A

Containment

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23
Q

What was the Marshal Plan

A

The economic aid given to European countries to bribe them out of communism

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24
Q

What was Cominform

A

The Soviet response to the Truman Doctrine

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25
Q

What was Comecon

A

It was st up by the USSR to control the economies of the satellite states

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26
Q

What was the Brain Drain

A

Clever and well educated East Berliners defecting to West Berlin to be paid and treated better

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27
Q

When was Trizonia created

A

Early 48

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28
Q

What date did the Berlin blockade begin

A

24 June 1948

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29
Q

What was formed in response to the blockade

A

NATO

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30
Q

What was the new currency in East Germany

A

Deutschmark

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31
Q

What were the 6 satellite states

A

Poland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, East Germany, Czechoslovakia

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32
Q

Which 2 countries in Eastern Europe were communist but weren’t satellite states

A

Yugoslavia and Albania

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33
Q

How much more powerful was the H bomb

A

1000x

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34
Q

When was the first H bomb developed

A

1952

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35
Q

When was Sputnik launched

A

1957

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36
Q

When did Yuri Gagarin go to space

A

1961

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37
Q

When was the Tzar bomb detonated

A

1961

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38
Q

What was created in 1955 that was like NATO

A

The Warsaw Pact

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39
Q

When did Stalin die

A

1953

40
Q

Who was the new leader of the USSR after Stalin

A

Nikita Khrushchev

41
Q

When was the Hungarian Uprising

A

1956

42
Q

Who was the Hungarian dictator in 56

A

Rakosi

43
Q

Who took over from Rakosi

A

Nagy

44
Q

How was the Hungarian uprising stopped

A

USSR invaded

45
Q

When did Khrushchev give the Berlin ultimatum

A

November 1958

46
Q

When was the Vienna summit

A

1961

47
Q

Who were the two leaders at the Vienna summit

A

Khrushchev and Kennedy

48
Q

Which country had recently become communist prior to the Vienna Summit

A

Cuba

49
Q

What date was the Berlin wall formed

A

13 August 1961

50
Q

How many people died trying to cross the Wall in the first year it was up

A

42

51
Q

What happened on the 28 October 1961 and where

A

There was a stand off at checkpoint Charlie

52
Q

What famous phrase did Kennedy say at his speech on the 26 June 1963

A

‘Ich bin ein Berliner’

53
Q

When did Fidel Castro take control of Cuba

A

2 January 1959

54
Q

What happened in April 61 that heavily embarrassed America and lead to the missile crisis

A

Bay of Pigs invasion

55
Q

When were missiles first moved to Cuba

A

Summer 1962

56
Q

When did Kennedy find out about the missiles in Cuba

A

14 October

57
Q

When was DEFCON 3 reached

A

22 October 1962

58
Q

When was DEFCON 2 reached

A

24 October 1962

59
Q

How was the Cuban Missile Crisis averted

A

The USSR agreed they would take away their missiles from Cuba if the US removed theirs from Turkey

60
Q

Who ‘won’ the Cuban Missile Crisis

A

America as it seemed they made no sacrifice and that the USSR removed their missiles as they were scared or America had pushed them too much

61
Q

What was created between the Kremlin and the White House after the Cuban Missile Crisis

A

The ‘hotline’

62
Q

Who lead Czechoslovakia before the Prague Spring

A

Novōtny

63
Q

Who took over from Novōtny in 1968

A

Dubček

64
Q

What reforms did Dubček introduce

A

People could run their own businesses
Freedom of speech and press
Free travel
Trade

65
Q

What did Dubček promise he would stay a part of

A

The Warsaw Pact

66
Q

Who became the Soviet leader in 1964

A

Leonard Brezhnev

67
Q

How was the Prague Spring stopped

A

Invasion on 20 August 1968

68
Q

Why were people and Soviet soldiers angry after the Prague Spring

A

As the USSR had said the Czechoslovakian people had asked for the invasion

69
Q

What was the Brezhnev Doctrine and when

A

November 68- the idea that anyone who tried to make communism look weak in the Warsaw Pact would be invaded and be ‘put right’

70
Q

What was the period of friendlier relations in the 70s known as

A

Détente

71
Q

What was the Nixon Doctrine

A

The belief that the US would still be a part of NATO but would not supply troops in foreign affairs

72
Q

What was agreed in Helsinki

A

Freedom of speech, press religion and movement
The West formally recognising the borders of Eastern Europe
Closer scientific and economic cooperation

73
Q

Who are dissidents

A

People objecting to the government

74
Q

When was SALT I signed

A

1972

75
Q

What was agreed in SALT I

A

Restriction of anti-ballistic missile sites

76
Q

What agreement had been ‘agreed’ in 1979

A

SALT II

77
Q

Why was Afghanistan important to the USSR

A

Geopolitics

78
Q

What was the guerrilla group in Afghanistancalled

A

Mujahideen

79
Q

On what day did the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan begin

A

25 December 1979

80
Q

What excuse did Brezhnev give for staying in Afghanistan

A

The invasion would restore order to an unstable situation

81
Q

Why did Détente end

A

The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan

82
Q

What Olympic Games did 62 countries boycott

A

Moscow 1980

83
Q

Which Olympic Games did the eastern bloc boycott

A

LA 1984

84
Q

When did Ronald Reagan come to power

A

November 1980

85
Q

What type of weapon did Reagan attempt to build

A

The Neutron Bomb

86
Q

What was the SDI

A

Aimed to create a system that could detect and destroy incoming missiles using technology

87
Q

When did Gorbachev come to power

A

1985

88
Q

What was Gorbachevs new ideas

A

Glasnost and Perestroika

89
Q

What is Glasnost and its aim

A

Openness. Aimed to end government corruption and freedom

90
Q

What is Perestroika and its aim

A

Restructuring. Aimed to change the economy and make it stronger

91
Q

Who’s Doctrine was abandoned by Gorbachev

A

Brezhnev

92
Q

What was agreed at Geneva and when

A

November 85- both countries agree to reduce supplies by 50%

93
Q

What was agreed in Iceland and when

A

October 1986- Soviet troops would be removed but SDI wouldn’t be abandoned

94
Q

What was agreed in Washington in 1987 (Cold War)

A

Both sides would get rid of all their non-long range weapons

95
Q

How many tanks and troops were used to invade Hungary

A

6k tanks and 200k troops

96
Q

Who was the East German leader who ordered the construction of the wall

A

Walter Ulbricht

History (12 decks)

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