US vs China vs Russia

Question 1

def. domination of the system

Answer 1

hegemony

Question 2

According to Mearshimer, what does the international state system encourage?

Answer 2

Encourages states to look for opportunities to maximize their power vis-à-vis other states

Question 3

China’s _____ and ______ put it on a collision course with the US

Answer 3

military and economic expansion

Question 4

According to the US-China Rivalry-Realist view, what makes confrontation between the states likely?

Answer 4

Mistrust and historic rivalry

Question 5

The US-China Rivalry-Liberalist view states that US and Chinese economies are _______, referencing history of US and Chinese cooperation

Answer 5

interdependent

Question 6

In the Opium Wars of 1839-1842 and 1856-60, what policy did the UK implement to force China to open its market?

Answer 6

Gunboat diplomacy (threatening bombings/military force)

Question 7

What was the Boxer Rebellion?

Answer 7

• Chinese “boxer” rebels, attempted to expel foreigners from Beijing
• Empress Dowager supported rebels and declared war in June 1900 (55 day siege of Beijing’s Western Legation Quarter)
• European forces, with some other asian countries, defeated rebels, executed Boxers publically, and imposed indemnity payments

Question 8

What key Chinese-US event happened in 1949?

Answer 8

China went communist, US-backed Nationalist loss

Question 9

1950-53 key US-China event:

Answer 9

Stalemate in Korean War

Question 10

1955-58 key US-China event:

Answer 10

Taiwan(nationalist) and China fight mini aerial and naval war over Taiwan Straits

Question 11

1964 key US-China event:

Answer 11

China becomes nuclear power

Question 12

1972 key US-China event:

Answer 12

Pres. Nixon visits China, re-establishes diplomatic relation, drives wedge into “Communist bloc”

Question 13

2001 key US-China event:

Answer 13

US lifts opposition to Chinese WTO membership; Chinese economy soon overtakes Japan as world’s second-largest

Question 14

Does Subramanian believe that China will or will not overtake the US?

Answer 14

Believes it will

Question 15

What does Subramanian refer to China as?

Answer 15

the “Inevitable Superpower”

Question 16

By when do people estimate that China will overtake US?

Answer 16

2030s

Question 17

Subramanian disagrees with what way of measuring power?

Answer 17

GDP per capita (China is poorer than US in this)

Question 18

In what areas is China stronger than US?

Answer 18

• AI, quantum computing, other economic sectors with military applications
• owns a lot of US debt (may be able to control US)

Question 19

What is the One Bell One Road economic policy?

Answer 19

• economic policy by China
• provide up to $1 trillion in Chinese support to more than 64 countries
• -will make relations is Europe and Asia stronger (markets will be more open)

Question 20

What is the goal of OBOR?

Answer 20

increase economic power and build strong relations

Question 21

Describe China’s military expansion?

Answer 21

• new tech (war planes, weapons)

- development of Chinese bases in South China Sea (near US military bases)

Question 22

Does Beckly believe China will overtake US?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

According to Beckley, the _____ favours US dominance

Answer 23

status quo

Question 24

What does Beckley believe the US should do regarding china and their economic relations?

Answer 24

Maintain open markets, cheaper goods from China=better standard of living

Question 25

Do Donald Trump’s actions support Beckley’s advice?

Answer 25

No, supports jingoistic and protectionist policies (trade war)

Question 26

Beckley says hegemoic struggles are triggered by what?

Answer 26

fears of decline (implementation of counterproductive policies)

Question 27

What trade agreement did Trump abolish, helping China gain power?

Answer 27

Trans-Pacific Trade Partnership (TPP)

Question 28

Why was sinking the TPP bad for US?

Answer 28

destroyed US leverage in negotiations with China (they weren’t a part of TPP), allies’ confidence in US collapsed

Question 29

What has Trump done recently to try to dominate over China? What has Xi Jinpin done in response?

Answer 29

T: imposed tariffs ($50B)
J: imposed own tariffs
T: threatened even more tariffs ($100B)

Question 30

After cold war what happened to power dynamics globally?

Answer 30

Russia became economically and militarily weak, bipolar world became unipolar

Question 31

What organization was successful in cold war?

Answer 31

NATO

Question 32

Did NATO expand after cold war?

Answer 32

Yes, invited former Warsaw Pact states and others

Question 33

What led to Western condemnation of Russia (3 things)?

Answer 33

mini-war with Georgia

US angered by Russian interventions in Ukraine and Syria

Question 34

What US action did Russia feel threatened by?

Answer 34

missile defense plans for Poland

Question 35

What were some areas of US and Russian cooperation?

Answer 35

• missile reduction treaty (2010)

- Iran nuclear deal (2016)

Question 36

What happened in 2002 between Russia and US? What did it lead to?

Answer 36

• Pres. George Bush didn’t renew US membership in 1972 Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (thought Russia wasn’t a threat)
• led to russian development of new high-tech weaponry (“invincible missiles”)