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Resp Revision > URTI > Flashcards

URTI Flashcards

1
Q

List the most common pathogens found in URT microbiota

A 
Viridans strept
Neisseria spp. (except meningitidis)
Corynebacterium spp.
Gram- anaerobes
H. influenzae (not type b)
C. albicans
Strept. pneumoniae
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2
Q

What organisms reside in the lungs in their latent state?

A

M. tuberculosis

P. jirovecii

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3
Q

What organisms reside in the lymph nodes and sensory nerves of the URT in their latent state?

A

CMV
HSV
EBV

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4
Q

Are there more aerobic or anaerobic organisms in URT microbiota?

A

Usually even, may be more anaerobic in nasal washings or saliva (can find niches of anaerobic environments)

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5
Q

What are the 6 URTI syndromes?

A 
Common cold (rhinitis)
Pharyngitis/tonsilitis
Sinusitis
Otitis media
Epiglottitis
Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis, LTB)
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6
Q

What are the most common causes of the common cold?

A

Rhinovirus
Parainfluenza virus
RSV
Enterovirus

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7
Q

What are the most common causes of pharyngitis/tonsilitis with nasal involvement?

A

Adenovirus
Parainfluenza
Enterovirus

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8
Q

What are the most common causes of pharyngitis/tonsilitis without nasal involvement?

A

Adenovirus
Enterovirus
Influenza
BACTERIA (groups A, C and G strept)

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9
Q

What are the most common causes of primary sinusitis?

A

Part of common cold syndrome, caused by same viruses

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10
Q

What are the most common causes of secondary sinusitis?

A

BACTERIA (H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae)

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11
Q

What are the most common causes of otitis media?

A

H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae
M. catarrhalis

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of epiglottitis?

A

H. influenzae type b

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13
Q

What are the most common causes of croup?

A

Parainfluenza virus
RSV
Influenza A

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14
Q

What URTI syndromes can be caused by bacteria?

A

Pharyngitis/tonsilitis with no nasal involvement
Secondary sinusitis (i.e. without symptoms of common cold)
Otitis media
Epiglottitis

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15
Q

When is a laboratory diagnosis recommended for URTI?

A

Pharyngitis/tonsilitis

Epiglottitis

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16
Q

When is specific treatment required for URTI?

A

Bacterial pharyngitis/tonsilitis
Severe bacterial sinusitis
Otitis media if <2 y.o. or if prolonged and severe
Epiglottitis

17
Q

What is the difficulty in determining aetiology of epiglottitis?

A

A throat swab should not be taken as touching the inflamed epiglottis may result in spasm causing obstruction and asphyxiation

Resp Revision (28 decks)

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