Urology/Renal Error List

Question 1

Dx for Erectile Dysfunction

Answer 1

History, Testosterone Levels
Nocturnal Penile Tumescence
Duplex Ultrasound

Question 2

Tx for Erectile Dysfunction

Answer 2

Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors (Sildenafil/Viagra), Tadalafil (Cialis), Verdenafil (Levitra)
Works by increased Nitric Oxide
Testosterone replacement
Intracavernosum Injections
Vacuum Pumps

Question 3

What is Testicular Torsion

Answer 3

Spermatic Cord twists and cuts off testicular blood supply
Due to congenital malformation deformity of process vaginalis which allows testicle to be free floating in tunica vaginalis

Question 4

Sx of Testicular Torsion

Answer 4

Sudden onset of scrotal, inguinal, or lower abdominal pain, N/V
Swollen, Tender, Retracted testicle
Negative Prehn’s Sign (no relief of pain with scrotal elevation)
Negative Cremasteric Reflex

Question 5

Dx of Testicular Torsion

Answer 5

Doppler Ultrasound: see reduced flow

Radionucleide Scan is Gold Standard

Question 6

Tx of Testicular Torsion

Answer 6

Detorsion and Orchiopexy if within 6 hours to preserve fertility
Orhciectomy if testicle is not salvagable

Question 7

What bacteria is the most common cause of Uncomplicated UTI

Answer 7

E.Coli

Question 8

Sx of Uncomplicated UTI

Answer 8

Dysuria, Increased frequency, urgency, hematuria, suprapublic discomfort

Question 9

Dx of UTI

Answer 9

Urinalysis: Positive Nitrates (bacteria), HEmaturia
Dipstick: Positive Leukocyte Esterase, Nitrites, Hematuria, WBC
Urine Culture is Definitive dx

Question 10

Tx of UTI

Answer 10

Uncomplicated: TMP-SMX (Bactrim), Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), Fluoroquinolones (Cipro)
Complicated: Fluoroquinolones, Aminoglycosides (Gentamycin)