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1. AUBF LEC > Urine Collection > Flashcards

Urine Collection Flashcards

1
Q

used because they eliminate the chance of contamination owing to improper washing.

A

Containers

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2
Q

Specimen Rejection
Unacceptable situations include:

A

Specimens in unlabeled containers

Nonmatching labels and requisition forms

Specimens contaminated with feces or toilet paper

Containers with contaminated exteriors

Specimens of insufficient quantity

Specimens that have been improperly transported

Laboratories should have a written policy detailing their conditions for specimen rejection.

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3
Q

fact that a urine specimen is so readily available and easily collected often leads to laxity in the treatment of the specimen after its collection

A

Specimen handling

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4
Q

Following collection, specimens should be delivered to the lab- oratory promptly and tested within

A

2 hours

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5
Q

A specimen that cannot be delivered and tested within 2 hours should be

A

refrigerated or have an appropriate chemical preservative added.

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6
Q

Modified/darkned

Cause: Oxidation or reduction of metabolites

A

Color

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7
Q

Decreased

Cause: Bacterial growth and precipitation of amorphous material

A

Clarity

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8
Q

Increase

Cause: Bacterial multiplication causing breakdown of urea to ammonia

A

Odor

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9
Q

Increase

Cause: Breakdown of Urea to ammonia by urease-producing bacteria/loss of CO2

A

pH

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10
Q

Decreased

Cause: Glycolysis and bacterial use

A

Glucose

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11
Q

Decreased

Cause: Volatilization and bacterial metabolism

A

Ketones

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12
Q

Decreased

Cause: Exposure to light/photo oxidation to biliverdin

A

Bilirubin

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13
Q

Decreased

Cause: Oxidation to Urobilin

A

Urobilinogen

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14
Q

Increased

Cause: multiplication of nitrate-reducing bacteria

A

Nitrite

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15
Q

Decreased

Cause: Disnintegration in dilute alkaline urine

A

Red and white blood cells and casts

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16
Q

Increased

Cause: Multiplication

A

Bacteria

17
Q

Decreased

Cause: Loss of motility, death

A

Trichomonas

18
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages of Refrigeration

A

Does not interfere with chemical tests

Precipitates amorphous phosphates and urates

19
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Boric Acid

A

Prevents bacterial growth and metabolism

Interferes with drug and hormone analyses

20
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Formalin (formaldehyde)

A

Excellent sediment preservative

Acts as a reducing agent, interfering with chemical tests for glucose, blood, leukocyte ecterase, and copper reduction

21
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Sodium Fluoride

A

Is a good preservative for drug analyses

Inhibits reagent strip tests for glucose, blood, and leukocyte

22
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Commercial preservative tablets

A

Convenient when refrigeration not possible
Have controlled concentration to minimize interference

Check tablet composition to determine possible effects on desired tests

23
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Urine collection kits (Becton, Dickinson, Rutherford, NJ)

A

Contains collection cup, transfer straw, culture and sensitivity preservative tube, or UA tube)

Disadvantages: None

24
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Light gray and gray (C and S) tube

A

Sample stable at room temperature for 48 hours;prevent bacterial growth and metabolism

Do not use if urine is below minimum fill line

25
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Yellow UA Plus tube

A

Use on automated instruments

Must refrigerate within 2 hours

26
Q

Advantages and Disadvantages
Cherry red/yellow Preservative Plus tube

A

Stable for 72 hours at RT; instrument compatible

Must be filled to minimum fill line
Bilirubin and urobilinogen may be decreased if specimen is exposed to light and left at RT

27
Q

Prevents bacterial growth for 24 hours

A

refrigeration

28
Q

keeps pH at about 6.0. Can be used for urine culture transport

A

Boric Acid

29
Q

Rinse with this preservative to preserve cells and casts

A

formalin (formaldehyde)

30
Q

Preservatice is boric acid, sodium borate and sodium formate
Keeps pH at about 6.0

A

Light gray and gray (C and S) tube

31
Q

Round or conical bottom. no preservative

A

Yellow UA Plus Tube

32
Q

Preservative is sodium pro-pionate, ethyle paraben, and chlorhexidine;round or conical bottoms

A

Cherry red/yellow Preservative Plus Tube

33
Q

Stamey-Mears Test for Prostatitis

A

First 10 mL voided (Urethral)
Midstream urine (Bladder)
Expressed prostatic secretions (prostate massage)
First 10 mL voided after massage

34
Q

In prostatic infection, the third specimen will have a? ______/_____ and a _______ 10 times ______

A

white blood cell/ high-power field count and a bacterial count 10 times that of the first specimen.

35
Q

in prostatic infection the second specimen is used as ___for bladder and kidney infection

A

control

36
Q

In prostatic infection ____ containg ___ may also be present

A

Macrophages
Lipids

1. AUBF LEC (5 decks)

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