Urinary Tract Infection in Women Flashcards
Define urinary tract infection in women.
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of the kidneys, bladder, or urethra. Infectious cystitis is the most common type of UTI, which is caused by a bacterial infection of the bladder. E.Coli is the most common organism responsible.
Explain the aetiology/risk factors of urinary tract infection in women.
Sexual activity
Spermicide use
Post-menopause
Positive family history of UTIs
History of recurrent UTI
Presence of a foreign body
Summarise the epidemiology of urinary tract infection in women.
Ten percent of women aged older than 18 years report at least one suspected UTI every 12 months. Approximately 20% to 40% of women with an initial UTI develop recurrent UTI. UTIs are among the most common conditions encountered in primary care, hospitals, and extended care facilities.
Recognise the presenting symptoms of urinary tract infection in women. Recognise the signs of urinary tract infection in women on physical examination.
Dysuria
Polyuria
Fever
Haematuria
Back/flank pain
Costovertebral angle tenderness
Identify appropriate investigations for urinary tract infection in women and interpret the results.
Urine dipstick
Urine microscopy
Urine culture and sensitivity
Generate a management plan for urinary tract infection in women.
Course of antibiotics e.g. nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim, ceftriaxone, cephalexin
For recurrent UTIs, consider longer course of low dose antibiotics.
Hiprex, anti-bacterial
Lifestyle management
Identify the possible complications of urinary tract infection in women and its management.
Sepsis
Renal and perirenal abscess
Acute kidney injury
Emphysematous pyelonephritis
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP)
Summarise the prognosis for patients with urinary tract infection in women.
Prognosis for UTIs in women is excellent. With appropriate antimicrobial treatment and resolution of symptoms, there is unlikely to be long-term sequelae.
