Urinary system Flashcards
1
Q
How many lobes make up the human kidney?
A
8-11
2
Q
What are the components of the renal corpuscule?
A
- Glomerulus
- Mesangium
- Extraglomerular mesangial cells
- Bowman’s capsule
- Macula densa
- Juxtaglomerular cells
3
Q
What are the functions of mesangial cells?
A
- Contraction
- Phagocytosis
4
Q
What is the structure of the Bowman’s capsule?
A
- Visceral epithelium (podocytes)
- Parietal epithelium (squamous epithelium)
- Connection to PCT
5
Q
What is the structure of podocytes?
A
- Cell body
- Primary foot process
- Secondary foot process (forms filtration slits)
6
Q
What are the filtration barriers in the glomerulus?
A
- Capillary endothelium
- Basement membrane
- Filtration slits (foot processes)
7
Q
What type of epithelium makes up PCT and DCT?
A
Simple cuboidal epithelium
8
Q
What is the difference between PCTs and DCTs?
A
- PCTs have brush borders while DCTs do not.
- DCT cells are smaller and cytoplasm stained less intensely than PCT cells.
9
Q
What type of epithelium makes up the descending limb of the loop of Henle?
A
Simple squamous epithelium
10
Q
What type of epithelium makes up the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
A
Simple squamous epithelium
11
Q
What type of epithelium makes up the collecting ducts?
A
Simple cuboidal epithelium
12
Q
What type of epithelium makes up the urinary system?
A
Transitional epithelium
