Respiratory system

Question 1

What are the main layers of the tracheal walls?

Answer 1

1. Epithelium
2. lamina propria
3. Submucosa
4. Cartilage (C-shaped hyaline)

Question 2

What are the components of respiratory epithelium in trachea?

Answer 2

• Pseudostratified, columnar, ciliated epithelium
• Goblet cells

Question 3

What is the lamina propria?

Answer 3

Thin layer of connective tissue below respiratory epithelium that warms air.

Question 4

What types of glands are found in the submucosa of the trachea?

Answer 4

Sero-mucous glands

Question 5

What are the differences between the trachea and bronchi?

Answer 5

• Epithelium less tall in bronchi.
• Submucosa contains fewer seromucous glands.
• Cartilage is plated, not C-shaped.
• Presence of smooth muscle layer between the lamina propria and the submucosa.

Question 6

What is the main difference between bronchioles and bronchi?

Answer 6

• Bronchioles don’t have cartilage in their walls.
• Bronchiolar epithelium is simple, columnar ciliated.

Question 7

What are the different types of cells in alveoli?

Answer 7

1. Pneumocyte type I cells (40% cell population, 90% SA)
2. Pneumocyte type II cells (60% cell population, 10% SA)

Question 8

What is the function of pnemocyte type II cells?

Answer 8

Produces surfactant