Urinary System Flashcards
Pair of organs to filter the blood.
- removes waste
- control fluid balance
- regulate balance of electrolytes
Kidneys
Essential minerals for nerve and muscle function
Electrolytes
Units in the kidney aka microscopic filter for blood in which urine is created
Nephrons
Where urine is stored. A funnel-shaped structure
Pelvis
Refers to kidneys
Renal
Tubes that carry urine the the bladder
Ureters
Tube connecting the urinary bladder to external opening to drain
Urethra
Procedure to examine the insides of the bladder and urethra for stones, rumors, bleeding, or infections
Cystoscopy
Prefix meaning bladder
Cyst-
A tube inserted in bladder to assist drainage after procedure of cystoscope
Catheter
Surgical specialists. Focus on anatomical or structural disorders of kidneys and urinary tract
Urologists
Medical specialists focus on disorders affecting kidneys function. I.e. Diabetes and chronic kidney disease
Nephrologist
Aka. Kidney stones. Large amounts of minerals in urine blocking urine flow
Nephrolithiasis
Prefix meaning stone
-lithos
Term aka stone
Calculi
Refers to the bladder
Vesical
Occurring within the bladder
Intravesical
Occurring below the bladder
Infravesical
Swelling of a kidney due to build up urine causing calculi likely to form
Hydronephrosis
Aka. Kidney failure
Renal Failure
Sudden worsening of kidney function caused from dehydration, blockage in urinaey tract, or kidney damage
Acute Renal Failure
Permanent partial loss of kidney function
Chronic Renal Failure
Blood sugar level becomes too high
Diabetes
Process for removing waste and excess water from blood
Dialysis
Prefix meaning, “through”
Dia-
Food broken down and turned into sugar used for energy
Glucose
A hormone to transport glucose out of blood and into cells
Insulin
The immune system mistakenly attacks and kills the insulin producing cell resulting in glucose building up in the blood
Type 1 diabetes
The pancreas does not produce enough insulin, resulting the body to be unable to use insulin that is released
Type 2 diabetes
Body unable to use insulin that is released
Insulin insensitivity
