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Anatomy and Physiology (Lab) : Finals > Urinary System > Flashcards

Urinary System Flashcards

1
Q

Main functions of the Urinary System

A

● Maintain water and electrolyte
balance (Na, Cl, K)
● Excretes waste products
● Regulated blood pH
● Stimulates RBC formation

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2
Q

Largest protein in the body

A

Albumin

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3
Q

Part of filtration; is made up of proteins

A

Plasma

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4
Q

Kidneys are enclosed in a capsule cushioned with

A

adipose tissue

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5
Q

_____ kidney is lower than the _____ kidney

A

Right, Left

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6
Q

The indention on the medial side of the kidney where renal vessels and ureter exit

A

Hilum

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7
Q

Innermost pieces like that house the nephrons

A

Renal Medulla

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8
Q

Describe the Nephron (Function)

A
  • Basic functional unit of the kidneys
  • Where all absorption and excretion happens
  • Controls the kidney
  • Responsible for exchanging waste products and nutrients
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9
Q

Urine is made of _______.

A

Blood

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10
Q

True or False

Blood enters the kidney through the veins from the heart, it cleans by passing through the kidney, and waste products come out of the ureter.

A

False.

Blood enters the kidneys through the arteries.

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11
Q

True or False

The kidney cleanses the blood in order for it to go back to the bloodstream towards the heart to harvest oxygen again and vice versa.

A

True

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12
Q

Connects the vein and artery and acts as a bridge or extension.

A

Fistula

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13
Q

It houses the glomerulus

A

Bowman’s capsule

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14
Q
  • the filtering unit of the kidney
  • Specialized bundle of capillaries
  • Filters the electrolytes; waste products and nutrients.
A

Glomerulus

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15
Q

Loop of Nephron / Loop of Henle (Function)

A

transport system towards the ureter or bloodstream

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16
Q

entry point going to the bowman’s capsule, specifically in the glomerulus. (glomerular filtration)

A

Afferent arteriole

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17
Q

the movement of substances from the blood within the
glomerulus into the capsular space.

A

Glomerular Filtration

18
Q

What is the efferent arteriole?

A

exit point going to the tube

19
Q

the movement of substances from the tubular fluid back into the blood

A

Tubular Reabsorption

20
Q

It absorbs the nutrients going to the bloodstream

A

Peritubular Capillaries

21
Q

The loop for rejected substances or the waste going to the ureter

A

Nephron Loop

22
Q

the tube going down to the descending limb

A

Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)

23
Q

tube after the ascending limb

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)

24
Q

explain the Collecting Tubule

A

process or where the tubular secretion happens

25
Q

the movement of substances from the blood into the tubular fluid

A

Tubular Secretion

26
Q

A disease where the kidneys are not functioning properly caused by the nephrons (there is a secretion in
albumin made by the glomerulus).

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

27
Q

Albumin should not be filtered by the glomerulus, but once it is secreted, an individual could have ________ Disease which indicates that the glomerulus is defective.

A

Glomerular Disease

28
Q

Nephritis

A

inflammation in the nephrons

29
Q

➔ It is commonly requested diagnostic
procedure by physicians
➔ It can reveal overt diseases such as
Diabetes Mellitus and Asymptomatic
Urinary tract infection.

A

Urinalysis

30
Q

Bladder (Function)

A

Stores urine

31
Q

no letters can be seen behind; it means that there are several substances in the urine

A

Turbid

32
Q

Determination of specific Gravity and pH

A

The concentration of solutes; the density of urine compared to water

33
Q

How many parameters are used for routine
urinalysis; laboratories; commonly used

A

4 Parameters

34
Q

When is 10 parameters used?

A

used for specific medical purposes

35
Q

Type of examination that examines the cells or microorganisms that contribute to or affect the clarity of the urine

A

Microscopic Examination

36
Q

RBC - ___ micrometer
WBC - ___ micrometer

A

7
12

37
Q

The largest and most normal cells to be seen in urine

A

Squamous Epithelial Cells

38
Q

Types of Urine Collection

urine activity after waking up which is ideal for
pregnancy test; women have higher HCG level

A

Fresh Morning Urine

39
Q

Types of Urine Collection

disregarding the first portion of the urine; secreting the first part of urine secretion in the toilet before collection.

A

Midstream Clean Catch

40
Q

What is the normal odor of urine?

A

Ammoniacal / Pungent

Anatomy and Physiology (Lab) : Finals (5 decks)

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