Heart Flashcards
4 Chambers of the Heart
Right and Left Atrium (Upper Chamber)
Right and Left Ventricle (Lower Chamber)
4 Valves of the Heart
Mitral Valve ( Left Atrium - Left Ventricle )
Tricuspid Valve ( Right Atrium - Right Ventricle )
Aortic Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Blunt rounded point of the heart
APEX
Functions of the Heart
- Generating blood pressure
- Routing blood
- Ensuring one-way blood flow
- Regulating Blood Supply
Heart Wall
- Percardium
- Pericardial Cavity
- Epicardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
Pulmonary Circulation
- To the lungs
- Right side of heart - Lungs and back to Left Side
Systematic Circulation
- Left Side - Other tissues / Organs of body back to Right Side
- To other Organs
Artery
- Blood Rich
- Away from Heart
- Deeper in Body
- Higher Pressure
- Thicker Walls
Capillaries
- One cell thick
Veins
- Blood Poor
- To the Heart
- Thinner Walls
- Capacitance Vessels
Granulocytes
- Neutrophil
- Eosinophil
- Basophil
Agranulocytes
- Lymphocyte
- Monocyte
Foreign subject or substance that enters body
Antigen
Fights off the pathogen or the unrecognized antigen that enters the body
Antibody
- Bacterial or fungal infection.
- Most common first responder to microbial infection
- phagocytes
- multi lobed (nucleus)
Neutrophil
- Parasitic infections and allergic reactions
- bi lobed
Eosinophil
- Allergy and antigen response
- releases histamine causing vasodilation
- bi/tri lobed
- least common
Basophil
- deep staining
- eccentric
- operate primarily in the lymphatic system
Lymphocyte
- kidney shaped
- immune response
- several different types (T cells and B cells)
- lead to production of antibodies
- remove dead cell and debris
- attack microorganisms
Monocyte
fragments of cells, each consisting of a small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane
Platelet
Composition of Blood
55% Plasma (protein, water, other solutes) , Buffy Coat (platelets and wbc), 45% RBC
- Transport of oxygen and carbon
dioxide and function exclusively
within the vascular system - Also called Red blood cells
Erythrocytes
- Constitute an important part of the defense and immune system of the body
- Also called White blood cells
Leukocytes
- Plays a vital role in the control of
bleeding (hemostasis) by aggregating
in blood vessel wall areas with
defects or damage. - Also called Platelets.
- For blood clotting
Thrombocytes
Hematopoiesis
Is the process of making RBC
It pumps the oxygenated blood which
is why the apex of the heart must be
thicker than the base
Ventricle
Collects the oxygen-poor blood
from the body and then drains
the blood into the right
ventricle.
Right Atrium
Receives oxygenated blood from
the lungs and pumps it to the
left ventricle.
Left Atrium
- Dense connective tissue adjacent to
the tunica media - (the tissue becomes loose connective
tissue toward the outer portion of
the blood vessel.)
Tunica Adventitia
- Simple squamous epithelial cells
(squamous) - Basement membrane
- Small amount of connective tissue
Tunica Intima
Albumin
- protein ; regulate water retention
- major component of osmostic pressure
Globulin
- immunoglobulin ; immunity
- anti bodies & transport protein
Fibrinogens
- blood clotting factors
