urinary system Flashcards
(25 cards)
what is the renal corpuscle
site of filtration of the blood
what delivers the blood to the renal corpuscle?
- what do they form here
- afferent arterioles that branch from interlobular arteries deliver the blood
- forms capillaries that form the glomerulus that sits within the bowmans capsule
what part of the renal corpuscle is the glomerulus
it is the parietal layer of the renal corpuscle
what forms the filtration barrier
the fused basement membranes of capillary endothelial cells s and pedicles of the podocytes
what is the parietal and visceral layer of the bowmans capsule
THIS A QUESTION ON THE EXAM
parietal layer: simple squamous capillary endothelial cells
visceral : podocytes
where do the filtrates from the blood end up and where do the exit
- they end up inside the capsule and exit the renal corpuscles through the proximal convoluted tubule
what is the lumen of the bowman capsule continous with
ON THE EXAM
continous with the lumen of the proximal tubule
what is the juxtaglomerular apparatus
the point of contact between a nephrons distal tubule and the vascular pole of its glomerulus ( afferent and efferent arterioles)
flow of blood through the juxtaglomerular complex( vascular pole)
- afferent arteriole enters the corpuscle forming the glomerulus
- nutrient rich blood is filtered of toxins
- blood leaves renal corpuscle through the efferent arterioles
- the efferent and afferent aretriole exit at the same side
where is the distal convoluted tubule found and what is it continuous with
- at the vascular pole
- the DCT contacts the renal corpuscle and is in continuation with the nephron tubules
where does the proximal convoluted tubule connect to and run?
what does it become?
the proximal connects to the lumen of the bowman’s capsule and runs through the loop of henle to seek the ascending limb to become the DCT
what is the macula densa
modified epithelieal cells from the lining of the DCT and is where the DCT come in contact with the renal corpuscle
what is the macula densa responsible for
acts as sensors for Na and Cl concentration and if it is too highor low it adjusts the flow of blood into the renal corpuscle at the afferent arteriole
what are the special cells of the afferent arteriole, what do they secrete, and where do they come from?
- secretory cells that come from the smooth muscle of the media of the afferent arteriole
- they are the juxtaglomerular cells that secrete renin
what are the 3 cell types of the juxtaglomerular complex
ON THE EXAM
- macula densa
- juxtaglomerular cells
- extraglomergular mesnagial lacis cells
what makes up the nephron
- what is NOT included if it were what would make up instead
- renal corpuscle + renal tubule
- not the collecting ducts : if you add this then it is the uniferous tubule
what does the proximal convoluted tubule do
modifies the concentration of filtrate via reabsorbtion
what is absorbed in the PCT
proteins, sodium, chloride, and most water
where does sodium reabsorption also occur and why
along the thick ascending limbs and DCT because you have the aldosterone regulate Na channels that allow reabsorption of Na along the DCT
what does the collecting duct reabsorb and via what
-what is it the target of
water via aquaporins
- they are the target of ADH
what can you identify with immunohistochemistry
THIS IS DEF ON THE EXAM
aquaporins
what is the path of vascularization of the kidney
- renal artery> segmental artery> interlobar artery > arcuate artery>interlobular artery > afferent areteriole> glomerulus capillaries > efferent arteriole
- then you have the coninuation of blood throughtout the cortex through the peritubular capillaries
- capillaries > interlobular vein > arcuate vein > interlobar vein> exit via renal vein
how does blodd leave at the renal corpuscles that are at the junction between the cortex and the medulla
glomerular capillaries exit via efferent arterioles but run down to the bottom of the medulla, at the vasa recta that return blood into the interlobular vein
after traveling through interlobular artery, blood flows into what
afferent arterioles
