Urinary System

Question 1

Urinary system

Answer 1

-Capable of eliminating excess substances while preserving the substances needed by the body to function
-consists of the kidneys, urinary ducts, and bladder

Question 2

Kidneys

Answer 2

-bean-shaped structures that are located at the back of the abdominal cavity just under the diaphragm -consists of three layers: the renal cortex (outer layer), renal medulla (inner layer) and renal pelvis (innermost portion)
-the renal cortex is composed of approximately 1 million nephrons, which are tiny individual filters of the kidney
-each nephron contains a cluster of capillaries called glomerulus surrounded by the cup-shaped Bowmans capsule, which leads to a tubule
-the kidneys receive blood from the renal arteries, which branch of the aorta
-in general the kidneys filter the blood, reabsorb needed materials and secrete waste and excess water in the urine
-blood flows from the renal arteries into arterioles into the glomerulus where it is filtered
-the glomerular filtrate enters the proximal convoluted tubule where water, glucose, ions, and other organic molecules are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream
-additional substances such as urea and drugs are removed from the blood in the distal convoluted tubule
-the pH of blood can be adjusted in the distal convoluted tubule by the secretion of hydrogen ions
-unabsorbed materials flow out of the collecting tubules located in the renal medulla to the renal pelvis as urine
-urine is drained from the kidneys through the ureters to the urinary bladder, where it is stored until expulsion from the body through the urethra

Question 3

Answer 3