Urinary system Flashcards
position of kidney
retroperitoneal at T12 to L3
right kidney is lower and shorter due to the liver
relations of the kidney
anterior right - liver, hepatorenal recess, duodenum
anterior left - stomach, spleen, pancreas
posterior - subcostal, iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal nerves
superior - diaphragm, 12th rib
inferior - quadratus lumborum
medially - psoas major
laterally - transversus abdominis
layers of fattyfibrous pouch
renal fascia - outermost external layer, anchors kidney
adipose capsule - second layer which contains perirenal fat and cushions the kidney
renal capsule - innermost layer made of dense ct, protects kidney from trauma and infection
Arteries
aorta - gives off right and left renal arteries
renal arteries - divide into 5 segmental arteries which enter hilus
segmental - branch into lobar arteries
lobars - divide into interlobars
interlobars - divide into arcuate in junction of medulla and cortex
arcuate - send interlobar into cortex
cortical radiate arteries give rise to glomerular arterioles
lymphatic drainage
aortic lymph nodes
nerve supply
renal plexus
layers of ureter
mucosa - transitional epithelium
muscularis - inner longitudinal and outer circular smooth muscle
serosa
ureters positions
in males - lateral to ductus or vas deferens
in females - passes medial to uterine artery origin
arterial supply to ureter
branches of interior and exterior iliac arteries
renal artery
testicular/ovarian arteries
veins of ureter
tributaries of interior and exterior iliac vein
testicular/ovarian veins
3 constrictions of ureter
uretopelvic junction
where ureters cross common iliac vessels
where ureters enter wall of bladder
layers of urinary bladder
mucosa with rugae
submucosa
muscularis forming detrusor muscle
serosa
urethral sphincters
internal - involuntary smooth muscle
external - skeletal muscle, inhibits urination
