Urinary Mo Flashcards by Margaret Grant

Where (which segments of the spinal cord) does the sympathetic innervation of the kidney arise from?

T12-L1

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What is the predominant tissue that makes up the bladder?

Smooth Muscle

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Name a horizontal surface marking plane that passes through the hilum of the kidneys at L1?

Transpyloric Plane

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Adrenal Gland can secrete?

Adrenaline

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Suprarenal gland gets blood supply from?

Abdominal Aorta, Renal and Inferior phrenic arteries

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Vertebral extent of Thyroid?

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Name a muscle that lies anterior to thyroid?

Any one of omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

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How do hormones from hypothalamus reach anterior pituitary gland?

Via hypophyseal portal veins

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During surgical excision of a thyroid nodule, the superior thyroid artery is ligated. What structure lies in close proximity that the surgeon should be aware of?

Superior Laryngeal nerve

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Name two classes of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex?

Mineralcorticoids, Androgens, Glucocorticoids

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Which is correct for subtalar joint?

Inversion and Eversion

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Anterior compartment leg muscles are innervated by the superficial fibular nerve?

False

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Which nerve supplies the adductor group of muscles that act on the hip joint?

Obturator Nerve

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A right-sided “dipping gait” could indicate damage to which of the following muscles?

Left Gluteus Minimus

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What type of joint is the knee joint?

Synovial Hinge

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In the femoral triangle, where does the femoral artery lie in relation to the femoral vein?

Lateral

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The gluteus maximus muscle is supplied by superior gluteal nerve?

False

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The superficial inguinal lymph nodes will receive infections from external genitalia?

True

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Which major superficial vein arises on the lateral side of the foot?

Small Saphenous Vein

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Which muscle is the main flexor of the hip joint?

Iliopsoas

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Excessive anterior displacement of the tibia by the drawer test indicates damage to which ligament of the knee joint?

Anterior Cruciate

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After a road trafic accident, a patient presents at the accident and emergency with a mid-shaft fractured humerus and wrist drop. Which nerve may have injured?

Radial Nerve

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Which important structure can be damaged at the anatomical snuff box during an accident?

Radial Artery

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Which part of the shoulder joint capsule is least supported and the weakest part of the joint?

Inferior

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Main Action of Serratus Anterior?

Protraction

A 33 - year old rugby player injured his right shoulder during a crucial match. He developed loss of cutaneous sensation over the lateral aspect of his right arm and loss of abduction beyond around 15 degrees. Radiological examination showed a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus. Which nerve might have been involved in this condition?

Axillary Nerve

The cephalic vein empties into which of the following veins?

Axillary

Which muscles inferior border is used as a landmark to describe the termination of Axillary artery and the begining of Brachial artery?

Teres Major

There are five principal groups of axillary lymph nodes - pectoral, subscapular, humeral,central and apical Which one of these groups receive lymph from an infection of the little finger?

Humeral

Which of the following organs might you find the left hypochondriac region?

Liver

The inferior border of the rectus sheath posteriorly is called the:

Arcuate Line

An obstetrician decides to do a Caesarean section on a 25-year-old pregnant woman. A transverse suprapubic incision is chosen for that purpose. All of the following abdominal wall layers will be encountered during the incision EXCEPT the:

Posterior Rectus Sheath

A 45 year old male develops an inguinal when lifting a heavy weight and needs to undergo surgery. During surgery a small knuckle of intra abdominal contents is found projecting from the anterior abdominal wall superior to the inguinal ligament and medial to the inferior epigastric artery. What is this?

Direct Inguinal Hernia

Which artery lies immediately medial to the deep inguinal ring?

Inferior Epigastric

Which of the following form the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Transversals Fascia

At what vertebral level does the Common Carotid artery bifurcate?

Which artery supplies the medial surface of the parietal lobe?

Anterior Cerebral Artery

The vertebral arteries arise from which artery?

Subclavian

Denticulate ligaments are triangular ligaments that anchor the spinal cord along its length, at each side. Which layer do they arise from?

Pia Mater

CSF escapes through here to reach subarachnoid space?

Roof of IV Ventricle

A small ependymal tumour here can lead to hydrocephalus in children?

Cerebral Aquaduct

CSF absorbed through these into the Superior sagittal sinus?

Arachnoid Villi

Produces the most CSF?

Lat Ventricle

The diencephalon is closely related to?

3rd Ventricle

To what does the filum terminale attach distally?

Coccyx

Middle Meningeal Artery passes through what in brain?

Foramen spinosum

Which muscle is being tested when you ask your patient to elevate the eye in adduction?

The TMJ is a modified hinge joint with an articular cartilage disc within the joint. What type of cartilage is this disc formed from?

Fibrocartilage

Which muscle causes protraction of the jaw?

Lateral Pterygoid

At what vertebral level does the larynx continue as the trachea?

The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid forms part of the?

Nasal Septum

Which potential space in the neck could allow for the tracking of pus into the posterior mediastinum?

Retropharyngeal

Which vertebral level marks the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries?

During an elective thyroidectomy surgery, the superior thyroid artery is ligated. Which nerve runs close to this artery?

External Laryngeal Nerve

What is the collective action of the suprayhyoid muscles?

Elevation of Hyoid Bone

Name the suture that separates the frontal from the parietal bone?

Coronal

The ear ossicles are found inside which of these?

Petrous Part of Temporal Bone

The loose connective tissue layer is considered the danger area of the scalp because pus from this layer can track intracranially. Which veins are responsible for this?

Emissary Veins

Which of the structure lies immediately superior to the parotid gland?

Zygomatic Arch

From which artery does the facial artery arise?

External Carotid Artery

What is the function of the gall bladder?

Stores and Concentrates Bile

Which artery is the cystic artery most commonly a branch of?

Right Hepatic Artery

A 60-year-old man with history of a chronic duodenal ulcer presents to the ER with signs of a severe internal hemorrhage. A perforation of the posterior wall of the first part of the duodenum and erosion of an artery behind it is suspected. Which artery is most likely iimplicated?

Gastroduodenal