Pelvis Flashcards
Anterior Border of Pelvic Inlet?
Pubic Symphysis
Lat Border of Pelvic Inlet?
Iliopectineal Line
Posterior Border of Pelvic Inlet?
Sacral Promontory
Narrowest Diameter of Pelvic Inlet?
13cm
Lateral Border of Pelvic Outlet?
Ischial Tuberosity and Sacrotuberous Ligament
Posterior Border of Pelvic Outlet?
Coccyx Tip
Narrowest Diameter of Pelvic Outlet?
11cm
Which part of pelvic floor forms puborectal sling?
Puborectalis
Which muscle leaves the pelvis via lesser sciatic foramen to attach to femur and becomes an external hip rotator?
Obturator Internus
Female Pelvis is said to be?
Wide and Shallow
Which branch of sacral plexus is closely related to sacrospinous ligament?
Pudendal Nerve
What connects the anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle?
Inguinal Ligament
The pudendal nerve exits the pelvis through the?
Greater Sciatic Foramen
The Pudendal Nerve arises from what plexus?
Lumbosacral
The Pudendal nerve enters the perineum via?
Lesser Sciatic Foramen
What bony landmark is used when performing a pudendal nerve block during labour?
Ischial Spine
The Levator Ani is made up of?
Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Ileococcygeus
What nerve roots contributes to Sacral Plexus?
L4-S3
What nerves contribute to sacral plexus?
Sciatic and Pudendal Nerve
What nerve does not enter Pudendal Nerve?
Nerve to Obturator Externus
The Uterus is said to be Anteverted with respect to?
Uterus
The fundus is said to be ante flexed with respect to?
body of uterus
What other structure in pelvis gives support to uterus?
Bladder
The Ligament of Ovary is a remnant of?
Gubernaculum
The suspensory ligament of ovary carries?
Ovarian Artery and Vein
What ligament covers the uterus and fallopian tubes?
Broad Ligament
Which part of broad ligament covers ovaries?
Mesovarium
which part of broad ligament covers Fallopian tubes?
Mesosalpinx
what part of broad ligament covers uterus?
Mesometrium
The ovarian artery freely anastomoses with?
Uterine Artery
The uterine artery crosses over ureter where?
Junction of Cervix, Lat Fornix and Ischial Spine
The Fundus of Uterus drains to?
Pre-Aortic
The body of uterus drains to?
External Iliac
Uterovaginal Nerve Plexus comes from?
Inferior Hypogastric
Nerve supply to uterus?
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic and Visceral Sensory
Superior Hypogastric Plexus can be found where?
In front of Sacral Promontory with Sympathetic Fibres
Superior Hypogastric Plexus functions?
Inhibits Peristalsis
Makes muscles contract for orgasm
Inferior Hypogastric Plexus supply?
Parasympathetic
The uterine artery is a branch of?
Internal Iliac Artery
The ovarian artery is a branch of?
Abdo Aorta
There is a risk of uterine prolapse when?
Retroverted
Name the four parts of Uterine Tube?
Infundibulum
Ampulla
Uterine Part
Intramural
The Supra-Vaginal Part of Cervix is where?
Between Isthmus and Vagina
The pouch between the Cervix and Rectum is?
Recto-Uterine Pouch (Pouch of Douglas)
What is Anterior to Cervix?
Bladder
How to access Recto-Uterine Pouch?
Posterior Vaginal Fornix
What is lateral to cervix?
Uterine Artery
Which pouch between uterus and bladder?
Vesicouterine Pouch
Function of Ovary?
Oogenesis and Secretes Oestrogen and Progesterone
The Broad Ligament of Ovary is made up of?
Mesovarium
Mesosalpinx
Mesometrium
Vaginal fornices are formed by?
Protrusion of Cervix into Vagina
What allows urethra to pass between them in females?
Vestibular Bulb
Urethra is longer in?
Males
Urethra is transmitted through what in males?
Corpus Spongiosum
Seminal Glands empty into?
Prostatic Urethra
Spongy Urethra within?
Corpus Spongiosum
What innervation for male ejaculation?
Sympathetic, Parasympathetic and Somatic
Name some branches of Pudendal Nerve?
Perineal Branch
Dorsal Branch of Penis
Name the male pouch?
Rectovesical
Upper 1/3 of Rectum arterial supply?
Superior Rectal Artery
Middle 1/3 of Rectum arterial supply?
Middle Rectal Artery
Lower 1/3 of Rectum arterial supply?
Inferior Rectal Artery
Upper 1/3 of Rectum Venous Drainage?
Portal
Middle 1/3 of Rectum Venous Drainage?
Systemic
Lower 1/3 of Rectum venous drainage?
Systemic
The Anal Triangle is found where?
Between Ischial Spines and Coccyx
Above the Pectinate Line is supplied by what artery?
Inf Mesenteric Artery
Below the Pectinate Line is supplied by what artery?
Inferior Rectal Artery
The Internal Anal Sphincter and Urethral Sphincter are?
Involuntary
The External Anal Sphincter and Urethral Sphincter are?
Voluntary
What allows the anal canal to expand during defecation?
Ischio-Anal Fossa
The neurovascular bundle in ischio-anal rectal fossa enters through?
Lesser Sciatic Foramen
What does neurovascular bundle in ischio-anal rectal fossa have?
Pudendal Nerve
Adipose
Internal Pudendal Artery and Vein
What supplies the External Genitals, Urethral Sphincter External and Anal, Skin around Genitals and Perineum?
Pudendal Nerve, Internal Pudendal Artery and Vein
What supplies the External Urethral Sphincter and Anal Sphincter?
Pudendal Nerve, Internal Pudendal Artery and Vein
Where are gametes/sex cells produced and male sex hormones produced?
Gonads
Seminal Vesicles location?
Posterior Bladder
Seminal Vesicles empty into?
Prostatic Urethra via Ejaculatory Ducts
If a man gets an STI that affects Penis/Scrotum what lymph node will it affect?
Superficial Inguinal
What provides thermoregulation and venous return of testis?
Pampinform Venous Plexus
What is a Variocele?
Dilated Pampinform Venous Plexus
Causes of Variocele?
Renal Vein Stenosis
Name of the canal that testis pass through during development?
Inguinal Canal
Tough outer layer of testis?
Tunica Albuginea
Layers of Tunica Vaginalis?
Parietal and Visceral Peritoneum
Material in Tunica Vaginalis?
Hydrocele
Testicular Artery arises from?
L2
Epididymis is attached to?
Body of Testis
The Vas Deferens traverses the?
Inguinal Canal
The Vas Deferens crosses over?
External Iliac Vessels.
The Vas Deferens terminates by joining?
Duct of Seminal Gland to form Ejaculatory Duct
Bulbourethral Cowper’s glands empty into?
Penile/Spongy Urethra
Corpus Cavernosa in Penis is covered by?
Buck’s Fascia
Most of male erectile tissue is in?
Corpus Cavernosa
Sensory Innervation of Penis?
Dorsal Nerve of Penis
The Dorsal Nerve of Penis is a branch of?
Pudendal Nerve
Breast is a type of what gland?
Exocrine
Number of lobes does breast have?
15-25
Type of Tissue Breast has?
Tubuloacinar Glands (Parenchyma) and Stroma (Connective Tissue)
Breast is attached to dermis by?
Suspensory Ligament of Cooper
Nipple of breast contains what type of tissue?
Loose Connective
Lateral Breast drains to?
Axillary Nodes
Medial Breast drains to?
Parasternal Nodes
Mammary Crests in breast develop when?
4th Week
Mammary crests disappear in breasts except where?
Pectoral Region
What is Polymastia?
Extra Breast
What is Polythelia?
Extra Nipple
What is Athelia/Amastia?
Absence of Nipple or Breast
Innervation of Breast?
Ant and Lat Branches of 4th-6th IC Nerves
Placenta is what type of organ?
Feto-Maternal
Placenta develops from?
Trophoblast following implant of blastocyst into Uterine Endometrium
Placenta physiologically separates from uterine wall when?
3rd stage of labour after delivery
Collective name for female external genitals?
Vulva
Vulva includes?
Clitoris Mon Pubis Labia Minora Labia Majora Vestibule Bartholian Glands
The Female Vestibule contains?
Terminal Vagina and Urethra
The Female Vestibule is enclosed by?
Labia Minora
The Clitoris mirrors what found in males?
Corpus Cavernosa
The Vulva is supplied by?
Pudendal Nerve and Internal Pudendal Artery
Somatic innervation of Vulva?
Ilioinguinal
Genitofemoral
Pudendal
Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of Thigh
Lymphatic Drainage of Vulva?
Superficial Inguinal
Deep Inguinal
Internal Iliac
The Perineum is an area below?
Pelvic Diaphragm
Perineum innervation?
Pudendal Nerve S2-4
Perineum Anterior Border?
Pubic Symphysis
Perineum Lateral Border?
Ischiopubic Rami and Sacrotuberous Ligament
Perineum Inferior Border?
Tip of Coccyx
Which bony prominences separate each of the perineum triangles?
Ischial Tuberosities
Thin sheet of Deep Fascia between R+ L Pubic arch below Pubic Symphysis?
Perineal Membrane