More Flashcards

1
Q

Which 2 layers of fascia provide additional support for pelvic organs within Perineum?

A

Presacral and Superior Fascia

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2
Q

What 2 structures make up pelvic diaphragm?

A

Presacral and Superior Fascia = Pelvic Diaphragm

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3
Q

What structures pierce through pelvic diaphragm?

A

Perineal Nerve
Vagina
Rectum
Urethra

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4
Q

Ischiocavernosus main action?

A

Maintains erection of clitoris

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5
Q

Innervation of Ischiocavernosus?

A

Muscular Branch of Perineal Nerve, Branch of Pudendal Nerve S2-4

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6
Q

Perineal Body Function?

A

Central Attachment for Perineal Muscles and Support Pelvic Floor

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7
Q

What muscle is not part of convergence of perineal body?

A

Ischiocavernosus

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8
Q

Injury to Urethra Superficial to Urogenital Membrane: Restricted by?

A

Superficial Perineal Pouch

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9
Q

Injury to Urethral Sphincter: Limited by?

A

Deep Perineal Pouch

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10
Q

Superficial Perineal Pouch is a space between?

A

Superficial Perineal Fascia (Colles Fascia) and Perineal Membrane

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11
Q

Where would urine leak if membranous urethra damaged?

A

Superficial Perineal Pouch

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12
Q

What muscles in superficial perineal pouch?

A

Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus
Superficial Transverse Perineal

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13
Q

Innervation of Superficial Perineal Pouch?

A

Pudendal Nerve S2-4

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14
Q

The Bulb of Vestibule in females is?

A

Erectile

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15
Q

The Deep Perineal Pouch is formed between?

A

Superior Urogenital Fascia and Perineal Membrane

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16
Q

Lower limit of deep perineal pouch?

A

Perineal Membrane

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17
Q

What muscle is in deep perineal pouch?

A

Deep transverse perineal

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18
Q

Sphincter Urethrae of External Urethral Sphincter in males can be found where?

A

Deep Perineal Pouch

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19
Q

What bony landmark for pudendal nerve block?

A

Ischial Spine

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20
Q

What four types of follicle can be seen in Ovarian Histology?

A

Primary, Graafian, Secondary, Primordial

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21
Q

What protein rich fluid is produced by breasts days after giving birth?

A

Colostrum

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22
Q

What hormones produce milk in breast?

A

Prolactin and Oxytocin

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23
Q

Ovary Histology Key Features (2)?

A

Corpora Lutea and Corpora Albicantes

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24
Q

Fallopian tube Epithelium?

A

Ciliated Columnar

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25
Q

The Uterus muscular wall is also known as?

A

Myometrium

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26
Q

Vagina Epithelium?

A

Stratified Squamous Non-Keratinising

27
Q

Breast epithelium?

A

Glandular Epithelium with Branching Tubulo-Acinar Glands

28
Q

Name of Lobules in Testis Histology?

A

Seminiferous Tubules

29
Q

Plexus of channels where seminiferous tubules converge in testis histology?

A

Rete Testis

30
Q

From rete testis in testis what ducts emerge?

A

Ductuli Efferentes

31
Q

Beginning of ductus deferens is?

A

Epididymis

32
Q

Sertoli cells do what in testis?

A

Nourish Spermatozoa

33
Q

Epididymis histology?

A

Pseudostratified

34
Q

Seminal Gland histology?

A

Pseudostratified tall columnar

35
Q

Vas Deferens histology?

A

Pseudostratified Columnar

36
Q

Vas Deferens histology muscular layers inner and outer are said to be?

A

Longitudinal

37
Q

Vas Deferens histology Intermediate layer is said to be?

A

Circular muscle

38
Q

If we needed to operate on perineum to repair a tear during childbirth or rectal prolapse, what nerve is most likely targeted to provide anesthetic to most of perineum?

A

Pudendal Nerve S2-4

39
Q

Which muscle of pelvic cavity is most likely to be injured during normal child birth?

A

Pubococcygeus

40
Q

Name of a scan to image the Fallopian tubes and uterus?

A

Hysterosalpingogram

41
Q

Intermediate Plate Mesoderm forms?

A

Urogenital System

42
Q

What is the final kidney called in embryology?

A

Metanephros

43
Q

Germ Cells differentiate into?

A

Indifferent Gonad

44
Q

Mesonephric Duct also known as?

A

Wolffian Duct

45
Q

Paramesonephric duct also known as?

A

Mullerian Duct

46
Q

Mesonephric Duct turns into what male structures?

A

Vas Deferens, Epididymis, Seminal Vesicle

47
Q

Paramesonephric Duct turns into what female structures?

A

Fallopian tube, Uterus, Cervix part of Vagina

48
Q

Paramesonephric duct needs what to convert into female structures?

A

AMH

49
Q

Mesonephric duct needs what to convert into male structures?

A

TDF

50
Q

Urogenital Sinus turns into?

A

Bladder, Urethra, Prostate, Lower Vagina

51
Q

Blastocyst forms when?

A

Day 5

52
Q

Mesoderm forms?

A

Kidneys, Dermis, MSK, CVS, Ureters, Trigone, Gonads

53
Q

Endoderm forms?

A

Bladder and Urethra

54
Q

Labiosacral Folds forms?

A

Labia Majora

55
Q

Genital Tubercle forms?

A

Clitoris

56
Q

Urogenital Folds forms?

A

Labia Minora

57
Q

Fundus of Uterus drains into?

A

Pre-Aortic Lymph

58
Q

Leydig cells produce?

A

Testosterone

59
Q

Cremaster Muscle function?

A

Thermoregulation of Testis

60
Q

The Ovarian Ligament Is a remnant of?

A

Ovarian Gubernaculum

61
Q

Which nerve innervates the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Pudendal Nerve

62
Q

Iliofemoral Ligament prevents?

A

Extension of THE hiP

63
Q

Type of neurons present in lateral horn at S3 of spinal cord?

A

parasympathetic preganglionic

64
Q

Type of neurons in thoracolumbar spine?

A

Sympathetic Preganglionic