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Human Anatomy > Urinary and Digestive Stude Guide > Flashcards

Urinary and Digestive Stude Guide Flashcards

1
Q

functions of urinary system

A
  1. Water concentration in blood
  2. Blood pH stabilization
  3. Maintain ions
  4. Hormone Secretion
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2
Q

kidney location and function

A

Location: retroperitoneal
Function: Blood is filtered and toxins are removed

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3
Q

cortex of kidney location and function

A

Location: outer layer of kidney
Function: contains Bowman’s capsule & collecting
duct

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4
Q

medulla (location rhymes)

A

Location: middle of kidney MEDULLA MIDDLE
Function: contains renal pyramids

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5
Q

renal pyramids

A

Location: within medulla
Function: secretion

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6
Q

pelvis

A

Location: middle of kidney
Function: collect urine from major calyce

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7
Q

major calyx

A

Location: pelvis of kidney collection of minor
calyces
Function: receives urine from minor calyces

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8
Q

minor

A

Location: tube at end of pyramids
Functions: receive urine from papillae of pyramids

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9
Q

capsule

A

Location: surrounding kidney
Functions: protection

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10
Q

ureters

A

Location: out of pelvis of kidney
Function: leads from each kidney to the urinary bladder

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11
Q

Urethra

A

Location: below pubic bone & after bladder
Function: Connects the urinary bladder to the outside world

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12
Q

proximal convoluted
tubule function

A

Function: reabsorption of ions, organic molecules, vitamins, and water

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13
Q

Distal convoluted tubule

A

Function: secretion

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14
Q

collecting duct

A

Function: fine tuning of K & H & regulate blood levels

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15
Q

cystitis vs cystocele

A

frequency of urination, pain, pyuria, bladder inflammation vs. bladder out vagina

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16
Q

Nephron function

A

site of blood filtration and urine production

17
Q

Bowman’s Capsule function

A

Bowman’s capsule also has a structural function and creates a urinary space through which filtrate can enter the nephron and pass to the proximal convoluted tubule.

18
Q

Stomach Function

A

food churn (peristalsis), HCl to break down food, pepsinogen,
mucous/alkaline lining

19
Q

large intestine function

A

(colon) – remove water & compact indigestible materials - * parts –
cecum, ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum

20
Q

liver function

A

synthesize plasma proteins, store glycogen & iron, bile, detoxify blood

21
Q

pancreas function

A

secretin (sodium bicarbonate), insulin hormone to regulate blood sugar

22
Q

jaundice symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Symptoms: yellow skin & sclera, itching Cause: caused by issue w/ liver, gallbladder, or pancreas
Pain: None

23
Q

appendicitis symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Symptoms: fever, vomiting,
diarrhea or constipation.
loss of appetite.

Cause: caused by infection in digestive tract or stool blocking opening inside appendix

Pain: pain starts around navel toward lower R quadrant

24
Q

peritonitis symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Symptoms: bloating, nausea, or vomiting, chills, fever, loss of appetite, abdominal guarding or fluid in the abdomen

Cause: inflamed peritoneum caused by burst appendix

Pain: severe belly pain, nausea, fever

25
Q

gallstones symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Symptoms: Intense abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and potentially serious complications

Cause: caused by high cholesterol
or bilirubin from liver/ when there is an imbalance in the substances that make up bile, the digestive enzymes in the liver

Pain: epigastric, low back, right shoulder/blades pain

26
Q

diverticulitis symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Symptoms nausea, vomiting, fever, caused by pouches or sacs

Cause: form in intestinal lining becoming inflamed

Pain: lower left quadrant pain

27
Q

heartburn symptoms, causes, and pain location

A

Sympotims: Symptoms: Pain in the chest

Cause: pyloric sphincter into esophagus = acid reflux caused by overweight, pregnancy, stress, anxiety, smoking, hormones, acidic or spicy foods/ Stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus

Pain: sharp, burning pain by breastbone or ribs – caused by stomach acid from

28
Q

Two types of digestion

A

Mechanical
Chemical

29
Q

Pairs of salivary glands

A

3 pairs of salivary glands

30
Q

3 parts of small intestines and which part connects to the cecum

A

Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum (connects to cecum)

31
Q

Order of Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum

A

Stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum

32
Q

peristalsis

A

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward

33
Q

INTERNAL urethral sphincter and INTERNAL anal sphincter

Voluntary or Involuntary?

A

Involuntary

34
Q

EXTERNAL urethral sphincters and EXTERNAL anal sphincter

Voluntary or Involuntary?

A

Voluntary

Human Anatomy (14 decks)

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